Dr. Terry Sejnowski

In fact, when you're trying to solve a problem on your own, this is where you're really learning by trial and error, and that's the procedural system. But if someone tells you what the right answer is,

In fact, when you're trying to solve a problem on your own, this is where you're really learning by trial and error, and that's the procedural system. But if someone tells you what the right answer is,

That's just something that is a fact that gets stored away somewhere, but it's not going to automatically come up if you actually are faced with something that's not exactly the same problem but is similar. And by the way, this is the key to AI, completely essential for the recent success of these large language models that the public now is beginning to use, is that they're not parrots.

That's just something that is a fact that gets stored away somewhere, but it's not going to automatically come up if you actually are faced with something that's not exactly the same problem but is similar. And by the way, this is the key to AI, completely essential for the recent success of these large language models that the public now is beginning to use, is that they're not parrots.

That's just something that is a fact that gets stored away somewhere, but it's not going to automatically come up if you actually are faced with something that's not exactly the same problem but is similar. And by the way, this is the key to AI, completely essential for the recent success of these large language models that the public now is beginning to use, is that they're not parrots.

the data that they've taken in, they have to generalize. That means to be able to do well on new things that come in that are similar to the old things that you've seen, but allow you to solve new problems. That's the key to the brain. The brain is really, really good at generalizing. In fact, in many cases, you only need one example to generalize.

the data that they've taken in, they have to generalize. That means to be able to do well on new things that come in that are similar to the old things that you've seen, but allow you to solve new problems. That's the key to the brain. The brain is really, really good at generalizing. In fact, in many cases, you only need one example to generalize.

the data that they've taken in, they have to generalize. That means to be able to do well on new things that come in that are similar to the old things that you've seen, but allow you to solve new problems. That's the key to the brain. The brain is really, really good at generalizing. In fact, in many cases, you only need one example to generalize.

So you're right at the cusp here of where we are in neuroscience right now. We don't know the answer to that question. In the past, it had been thought that, you know, the cortex had... countries that each part of the cortex was dedicated to one function, right? And interestingly, you record for the neurons, and it certainly looks that way, right?

So you're right at the cusp here of where we are in neuroscience right now. We don't know the answer to that question. In the past, it had been thought that, you know, the cortex had... countries that each part of the cortex was dedicated to one function, right? And interestingly, you record for the neurons, and it certainly looks that way, right?

So you're right at the cusp here of where we are in neuroscience right now. We don't know the answer to that question. In the past, it had been thought that, you know, the cortex had... countries that each part of the cortex was dedicated to one function, right? And interestingly, you record for the neurons, and it certainly looks that way, right?

In other words, there's a visual cortex in the back, and there's a whole series of areas, and then there's an auditory cortex here in the middle, and then the prefrontal cortex for social interaction. And so it looked really clear-cut that it's modular. And now what we're facing is we have a new way to record from neurons.

In other words, there's a visual cortex in the back, and there's a whole series of areas, and then there's an auditory cortex here in the middle, and then the prefrontal cortex for social interaction. And so it looked really clear-cut that it's modular. And now what we're facing is we have a new way to record from neurons.

In other words, there's a visual cortex in the back, and there's a whole series of areas, and then there's an auditory cortex here in the middle, and then the prefrontal cortex for social interaction. And so it looked really clear-cut that it's modular. And now what we're facing is we have a new way to record from neurons.

Optically, we can record from tens of thousands, from dozens of areas simultaneously. And what we're discovering is that if you want to do any task, you're engaging not just the area that you might think has the input coming against the visual system, but the visual system is getting input from the motor system. In fact, there's more input coming from the motor system than from the eye. Really?

Optically, we can record from tens of thousands, from dozens of areas simultaneously. And what we're discovering is that if you want to do any task, you're engaging not just the area that you might think has the input coming against the visual system, but the visual system is getting input from the motor system. In fact, there's more input coming from the motor system than from the eye. Really?

Optically, we can record from tens of thousands, from dozens of areas simultaneously. And what we're discovering is that if you want to do any task, you're engaging not just the area that you might think has the input coming against the visual system, but the visual system is getting input from the motor system. In fact, there's more input coming from the motor system than from the eye. Really?

Yes. Anne Churchland at UCLA has shown that in the mouse. So now we're looking at global interactions between all these areas. And that's where real complex cognitive behaviors emerge. It's from those interactions. And now we have the tools for the first time to actually be able to see them in real time. And we're doing that now forever. first on mice and monkeys, but we now can do this in humans.

Yes. Anne Churchland at UCLA has shown that in the mouse. So now we're looking at global interactions between all these areas. And that's where real complex cognitive behaviors emerge. It's from those interactions. And now we have the tools for the first time to actually be able to see them in real time. And we're doing that now forever. first on mice and monkeys, but we now can do this in humans.

Yes. Anne Churchland at UCLA has shown that in the mouse. So now we're looking at global interactions between all these areas. And that's where real complex cognitive behaviors emerge. It's from those interactions. And now we have the tools for the first time to actually be able to see them in real time. And we're doing that now forever. first on mice and monkeys, but we now can do this in humans.