Dr. Tony Wyss-Coray

There is IGF-1 actually also has been described to be in young blood is higher.

Their factors

that have been identified through an approach that is similar to transferring young versus old.

So what one of my trainees did, Saul Vileda, when he was a graduate student in my lab, he did these parabiosis experiments.

And then his lab and my lab independently did an experiment where we exercised mice

young mice we took their blood and we injected it in non-exercise mice and we could show that the beneficial effects of exercise on the brain were transmitted again by blood were you going young to young so we went young to young saul went young to old and could show that he can has a stronger effect on on these brains than just young blood if it's exercised young blood it's even better

What both actually he and my lab found is that somehow this exercise seemed to trigger the release of factors from the liver

that then go to the brain and make the brain function better.

In our case, we describe the protein as called clustering.

It has many different roles.

It can bind to lipids.

It's also called apolipoprotein J. It's involved in coagulation and complement pathway.

Very complicated.

We couldn't quite figure out how does it have these effects, but we could show that if we make recombinant synthetic

clustering and inject it into mice, we could mimic some of the effects.

um wild wild yeah wild and then uh saul found another factor that's called gpldh um that again uh he can clearly show has an effect um but how exactly does that is is not clear most recently doesn't did another really creative experiment where he um did caloric restriction of mice and again that's sort of a an accepted you know beneficial effect and longevity

promoting potentially, and takes the plasma from mice, puts it into other mice, and again, can isolate factors that mimic this effect.

Yeah.

What this tells us is that this is physiology, right?

We call this physiology.