Fergal Keen

Yes, the knowledge base has absolutely changed. Remarkable work being done. So, for example, you have doctors who have worked with children who went through the Bosnian civil war and the genocide at Srebrenica.

And again they found that a key element was this question of a family stability, of a community stability being created for children once the conflict had ended. I mean they disagree about a few things, but on this they're absolutely of one mind. And that is that you can't recover from war trauma if you're living with continuing trauma.

But you also have research into children who are living with fears. And I mentioned a while ago the whole question of avoidance, people being terrified of confronting anything that reminded them of what had happened during the war. And so there's a new field of theory, well, I mean, relatively new field of theory, which encourages children to slowly and carefully try to confront, obviously not death and massacre again, but things like learning to sleep alone.

Eivätkä he pitäneet nukkua vanhemman kanssa, koska se oli se, mitä he tekevät sen vuoden aikana, koska he olivat niin yksinkertaisesti yllättyneitä. Se kuulostaa yksinkertaiselta, mutta jokainen, joka on yrittänyt laittaa lapsen nukkumaan, joka on ollut yllättynä, joka ei ollut traumatisoitunut, tietää, että se on erittäin vaikeaa. Mutta se on tärkeä osa lapsen, joka on voinut kasvaa, kasvaa, ja seurata huomattavasti vanhemman.

What struck me when I saw the news along with everybody else of the airstrikes on Teheran and other Iranian cities was what's it like for the kids underneath that? Because we've established by now in this conversation that it's my preoccupation.

I can't speak to any children in Iran at the moment, but I have been able to speak to a young woman who said a phrase to me via an intermediary, which just has been going around in my head for the last few days. And she said, this war, she said, it has come into our homes, it has come into our families, it has come into our blood. And I don't know when we're going to be able to get rid of it. And she was talking about the fear that

I've just seen some footage which was sent out to us of the night sky and the sound of bombing and this really eerie sound of dogs barking when they hear the aircraft approaching. And you're thinking to yourself, what's it like to be...

an adult under it, but to be a child. And who hasn't... Yes, there have been, there were airstrikes, there were attacks on the nuclear installations in an earlier phase of this conflict between Israel, America and Iran. But this kind of bombing in cities is something the vast majority of Iranian children will have had no experience of. And I think it goes back to the entire thread of our conversation. When wars begin, no matter where they are...

Ja he ovat ne, joilla on vähemmän mahdollisuutta vahvistaa itseään. Ja he ovat ne, joilla on vähemmän mahdollisuutta vahvistaa itseään. Ja he ovat ne, joilla on vähemmän mahdollisuutta vahvistaa itseään.