Gerard Barron

Ocean metals from these rocks is the way to go.

But eventually, the world has to get more focused on recycling, and they will.

And when I say we need to aspire to circularity, in the future, I hope we won't be picking up these rocks in 100 years' time.

We should be making sure that we're recycling every single atom we put out there.

In fact, we talk a lot about metals as a service.

I built a software as a service company in a previous company.

And

Metals as a service is a similar idea.

It's like, hey, we'll give you these metals.

You can use them, but we want them back.

Because they have to do something with them, right?

At the end of life, you've got a responsibility.

So you can't just put them in the waste pile.

You've got to hand them back somewhere.

So instead of us just treating fresh nodules, we'll treat recycled material, black mass as well.

And eventually, recycled material will have a growing share.

But at the moment, there are not enough metals in the system to meet the needs.

So we need to find a fresh input of billions of tons until we build that reserve.

Because there are just not enough metals coming back in to be recycled.

It's easy to see how an electric vehicle battery gets recycled.