Kieran Kunhya

Plus, I think was Nokia was outside of the patent.

And so it was impossible to license, right?

And I think that several months ago, HP decided that they were going to remove support from HEVC in their Windows laptops because the cost was increasing of those patents.

And it arrived at a point where, and there was uncapped pad.

And so for YouTube or Netflix, we could talk about hundreds of millions of dollars of licensing for patents per year.

And they said, you know what, as 100 million per year, you know, I could create my own codec.

And this is what they did.

And so that's why we have the Open Media Alliance, Alliance for Open Media, where we are part of.

That is

that created AV1 and creates AV2.

We create also audio codecs, but yes.

So the main difference would be that, and because you need to work around the patents or go do some things that are not patented,

a lot of things are different, right?

The basic things that were done back to 30 years ago are, of course, out of patents.

So, for example, there is things like a golden frame, an S-frame, or different type of... These are all patented ideas.

And so you need to have double creativity, right?

Creativity in terms of being more efficient, but creativity of being sure that you don't infringe existing patterns.

And so, for example, VVC is...

has all the patents of HEVC plus new ones, right?

That's why AV2 tries to be as royalty-free as possible.