Kyle Harper

Which is like one of the great human achievements like of all the public health improvements.

Yeah.

is the most important one.

Public health is never perfect.

It's this like system of like six or seven really critical tools that involve clean water, personal hygiene, vaccines, antibiotics, different kinds of therapeutic interventions or rehabilitation therapy.

And we're still – we can't like fend off all the germs.

Like you have to have all of that and you can sort of like achieve this equilibrium state where you mostly have it under control.

Vaccination is like the most important one.

And it took forever to find the first vaccine.

And it took this huge period of like –

All kinds of weird trial and error like inoculation with the actual smallpox, which is very, very dangerous, not vaccination.

Vaccination uses cowpox, the lymph of an infected cow, to intentionally cause the immune reaction of humans.

Before that, people would inoculate a person with actual smallpox, which is just giving somebody smallpox.

But like you're giving somebody smallpox.

But it was absolutely in like a utilitarian way.

It was the rational thing to do.

It had these horrific death rates, right?

We would never get FDA approval.

But in a world where like 10%, 20% of kids die of smallpox, it's this horrible decision, but you'd be rational to do it.

And so that – we actually don't know where that comes from.