Liane Young

There is this terrible tension between the fact that nobody meant any harm, nobody meant to kill anyone, and the fact that this nine-year-old boy died. And to take it a step further, you could think of a case in which he hadn't run a stop sign. Maybe he was just driving and the child came out of nowhere. I think we would still have the intuition that

There is this terrible tension between the fact that nobody meant any harm, nobody meant to kill anyone, and the fact that this nine-year-old boy died. And to take it a step further, you could think of a case in which he hadn't run a stop sign. Maybe he was just driving and the child came out of nowhere. I think we would still have the intuition that

There is this terrible tension between the fact that nobody meant any harm, nobody meant to kill anyone, and the fact that this nine-year-old boy died. And to take it a step further, you could think of a case in which he hadn't run a stop sign. Maybe he was just driving and the child came out of nowhere. I think we would still have the intuition that

If you caused that event to happen, if you caused that bad outcome, then there is a way in which you are causally responsible for something very bad that you didn't know that you would be doing and maybe could not have prevented. And so it's really tricky to figure out how to handle that kind of case, as you point out.

If you caused that event to happen, if you caused that bad outcome, then there is a way in which you are causally responsible for something very bad that you didn't know that you would be doing and maybe could not have prevented. And so it's really tricky to figure out how to handle that kind of case, as you point out.

If you caused that event to happen, if you caused that bad outcome, then there is a way in which you are causally responsible for something very bad that you didn't know that you would be doing and maybe could not have prevented. And so it's really tricky to figure out how to handle that kind of case, as you point out.

I think different people have different responses to what happened and what should be done and how to prevent that from happening again.

I think different people have different responses to what happened and what should be done and how to prevent that from happening again.

I think different people have different responses to what happened and what should be done and how to prevent that from happening again.

And often in these cases, we downplay intent information. It doesn't matter that you didn't know. The fact that you did it is bad enough. And so that happens for, again, as I mentioned, violations related to food and sex. And those are cases in which once you are sort of defiled, there's very little that you can do to get clean again.

And often in these cases, we downplay intent information. It doesn't matter that you didn't know. The fact that you did it is bad enough. And so that happens for, again, as I mentioned, violations related to food and sex. And those are cases in which once you are sort of defiled, there's very little that you can do to get clean again.

And often in these cases, we downplay intent information. It doesn't matter that you didn't know. The fact that you did it is bad enough. And so that happens for, again, as I mentioned, violations related to food and sex. And those are cases in which once you are sort of defiled, there's very little that you can do to get clean again.

And there's very little that you could say to sort of justify or mitigate the behavior, including that you didn't know or that it wasn't done on purpose.

And there's very little that you could say to sort of justify or mitigate the behavior, including that you didn't know or that it wasn't done on purpose.

And there's very little that you could say to sort of justify or mitigate the behavior, including that you didn't know or that it wasn't done on purpose.

Yeah, exactly. So whether we interpret an event as just a natural disaster or a technical malfunction or as a coordinated planned attack can really affect the way that we respond to those events. And so when we hear about something like that, I think... First, we ask ourselves or read the news to find out what happened. And then we want to know why and who, if relevant.

Yeah, exactly. So whether we interpret an event as just a natural disaster or a technical malfunction or as a coordinated planned attack can really affect the way that we respond to those events. And so when we hear about something like that, I think... First, we ask ourselves or read the news to find out what happened. And then we want to know why and who, if relevant.

Yeah, exactly. So whether we interpret an event as just a natural disaster or a technical malfunction or as a coordinated planned attack can really affect the way that we respond to those events. And so when we hear about something like that, I think... First, we ask ourselves or read the news to find out what happened. And then we want to know why and who, if relevant.

And so we ask those kinds of questions in that order. And as you say, our answers to those questions really help shape our understanding of an event as either misfortune or We are trying to figure out who did it and why and what we can do to prevent it from happening in the future.

And so we ask those kinds of questions in that order. And as you say, our answers to those questions really help shape our understanding of an event as either misfortune or We are trying to figure out who did it and why and what we can do to prevent it from happening in the future.