Maryellen MacDonald

Apparently, and this is a really new area, there are a subset of people who say they don't have a voice in their head, either when they're thinking or when they are reading. And the people reading who don't hear a voice in their head seem to just get to the meaning of what they're reading.

Apparently, and this is a really new area, there are a subset of people who say they don't have a voice in their head, either when they're thinking or when they are reading. And the people reading who don't hear a voice in their head seem to just get to the meaning of what they're reading.

Apparently, and this is a really new area, there are a subset of people who say they don't have a voice in their head, either when they're thinking or when they are reading. And the people reading who don't hear a voice in their head seem to just get to the meaning of what they're reading.

And those of us who do have a voice in our head are probably getting to the meaning and the sounds of the words. So it seems to be possible that readers can sometimes just get to meaning without having a conscious awareness of sounds in their head when they're reading.

And those of us who do have a voice in our head are probably getting to the meaning and the sounds of the words. So it seems to be possible that readers can sometimes just get to meaning without having a conscious awareness of sounds in their head when they're reading.

And those of us who do have a voice in our head are probably getting to the meaning and the sounds of the words. So it seems to be possible that readers can sometimes just get to meaning without having a conscious awareness of sounds in their head when they're reading.

That is absolutely right. And child development researchers think that external talking to themselves is kind of the on-ramp to being able to talk in their heads. So to the extent that we understand this in little kids, You're right. They talk all the time. They are like narrating the play-by-play and the color commentary of their day or what they're doing.

That is absolutely right. And child development researchers think that external talking to themselves is kind of the on-ramp to being able to talk in their heads. So to the extent that we understand this in little kids, You're right. They talk all the time. They are like narrating the play-by-play and the color commentary of their day or what they're doing.

That is absolutely right. And child development researchers think that external talking to themselves is kind of the on-ramp to being able to talk in their heads. So to the extent that we understand this in little kids, You're right. They talk all the time. They are like narrating the play-by-play and the color commentary of their day or what they're doing.

And that little running monologue eventually, age five, age six, something like that, starts to become more internal and less external talking. And for the most part, internal talking is more efficient. It runs faster in the head.

And that little running monologue eventually, age five, age six, something like that, starts to become more internal and less external talking. And for the most part, internal talking is more efficient. It runs faster in the head.

And that little running monologue eventually, age five, age six, something like that, starts to become more internal and less external talking. And for the most part, internal talking is more efficient. It runs faster in the head.

is a behavior that some people believe they never do, but actually do do, yes.

is a behavior that some people believe they never do, but actually do do, yes.

is a behavior that some people believe they never do, but actually do do, yes.

Yes. I think that particular talking is an outgrowth of a kind of vocalization that we have, and in fact, many, many other animals have. It's a... surprise reaction to a stimulus or like a bird hitting us like, ah, and that is involuntary. And it's very adaptive because if anybody else is around and you scream, ah, somebody is going to come help you or see what's the matter. And

Yes. I think that particular talking is an outgrowth of a kind of vocalization that we have, and in fact, many, many other animals have. It's a... surprise reaction to a stimulus or like a bird hitting us like, ah, and that is involuntary. And it's very adaptive because if anybody else is around and you scream, ah, somebody is going to come help you or see what's the matter. And

Yes. I think that particular talking is an outgrowth of a kind of vocalization that we have, and in fact, many, many other animals have. It's a... surprise reaction to a stimulus or like a bird hitting us like, ah, and that is involuntary. And it's very adaptive because if anybody else is around and you scream, ah, somebody is going to come help you or see what's the matter. And

ah, what was that? That's sort of both the involuntary and a little bit of, yeah, talking out loud that's not communicated, but is just basically expressing the surprise of the situation.

ah, what was that? That's sort of both the involuntary and a little bit of, yeah, talking out loud that's not communicated, but is just basically expressing the surprise of the situation.