Paul Turek

And now it's done with hemocytometers. It's done with machines. Computer-assisted semen analysis does most of them in IVF groups. It's really standardized. Oh, yeah. I like the bespoke suit. So when I have mine repeated, I usually have someone do it by hand because there's observations I like, which is, hey, you know what? 1% morphology, but all the others look like this.

And now it's done with hemocytometers. It's done with machines. Computer-assisted semen analysis does most of them in IVF groups. It's really standardized. Oh, yeah. I like the bespoke suit. So when I have mine repeated, I usually have someone do it by hand because there's observations I like, which is, hey, you know what? 1% morphology, but all the others look like this.

Those comments are incredibly valuable. that you don't really get from a computer-assisted semen analysis. But it's faster, and you don't have a lot of human effort involved with a computer. Are they using AI for this yet? Yeah. I mean, some people are for sperm selection a little bit. But yeah, there's a lot of stuff to help out.

Those comments are incredibly valuable. that you don't really get from a computer-assisted semen analysis. But it's faster, and you don't have a lot of human effort involved with a computer. Are they using AI for this yet? Yeah. I mean, some people are for sperm selection a little bit. But yeah, there's a lot of stuff to help out.

And that will be really helpful for morphology to standardize it, because one man named Kruger in South Africa... correlated bad sperm shape with IVF outcomes and did not find that they were good when the sperm looked bad. That's where the 4% came from. But it's really hard to do that every time and do it well because it's so hard to do.

And that will be really helpful for morphology to standardize it, because one man named Kruger in South Africa... correlated bad sperm shape with IVF outcomes and did not find that they were good when the sperm looked bad. That's where the 4% came from. But it's really hard to do that every time and do it well because it's so hard to do.

Hoping AI and machine learning can help standardize the look because sperm is hard.

Hoping AI and machine learning can help standardize the look because sperm is hard.

So to make normal amounts of sperm, you need proper amounts of testosterone and FSH. Think of it as flowering a plant. You need the water and you need the sunlight. So testosterone and FSH are key. To get normal amounts of T, testosterone, you're going to need LH, which drives it. Same in women. These are all named in women. In females. So that signaling is really important.

So to make normal amounts of sperm, you need proper amounts of testosterone and FSH. Think of it as flowering a plant. You need the water and you need the sunlight. So testosterone and FSH are key. To get normal amounts of T, testosterone, you're going to need LH, which drives it. Same in women. These are all named in women. In females. So that signaling is really important.

So there are cases of genetic infertility like Kalman syndrome where men aren't making any sperm, but they're just not sending the signals down and you can just give them the signals with injections.

So there are cases of genetic infertility like Kalman syndrome where men aren't making any sperm, but they're just not sending the signals down and you can just give them the signals with injections.

So HCG, FSH injections, and they will be fertile.

So HCG, FSH injections, and they will be fertile.

No, it's the olfactory node in the hypothalamus. So they don't smell either.

No, it's the olfactory node in the hypothalamus. So they don't smell either.

No. No. Pituitary is not working. Yeah. The GNRH is the essential pituitary. Okay. Got it.

No. No. Pituitary is not working. Yeah. The GNRH is the essential pituitary. Okay. Got it.

Yeah. So estradiol is sort of a mild poison for male infertility. So everyone needs estradiol level, female hormone levels. Testosterone gets converted to estradiol. So that's a byproduct of it along with DHT. And then estradiol goes back to the brain and is a feedback. So if it's there, the brain knows how much testosterone it's making.

Yeah. So estradiol is sort of a mild poison for male infertility. So everyone needs estradiol level, female hormone levels. Testosterone gets converted to estradiol. So that's a byproduct of it along with DHT. And then estradiol goes back to the brain and is a feedback. So if it's there, the brain knows how much testosterone it's making.