Professor Danielle Schreve

And we have only the second record from Britain of a Siberian steppe lemming. And all those three species congregate in the southwest of Britain during the Younger Dryas. So again, these things were expanding their range very rapidly.

And we have only the second record from Britain of a Siberian steppe lemming. And all those three species congregate in the southwest of Britain during the Younger Dryas. So again, these things were expanding their range very rapidly.

And we have only the second record from Britain of a Siberian steppe lemming. And all those three species congregate in the southwest of Britain during the Younger Dryas. So again, these things were expanding their range very rapidly.

Yes, it certainly is for those particular species. There is another species called a wood lemming, though it inhabits more boreal forests today in Scandinavia.

Yes, it certainly is for those particular species. There is another species called a wood lemming, though it inhabits more boreal forests today in Scandinavia.

Yes, it certainly is for those particular species. There is another species called a wood lemming, though it inhabits more boreal forests today in Scandinavia.

Traditionally, very difficult to separate from things like the Norway lemming, but through a mixture of ancient DNA and also very novel types of shape analysis on the teeth, we've been able to separate out the wood lemming species from the Norway lemming species.

Traditionally, very difficult to separate from things like the Norway lemming, but through a mixture of ancient DNA and also very novel types of shape analysis on the teeth, we've been able to separate out the wood lemming species from the Norway lemming species.

Traditionally, very difficult to separate from things like the Norway lemming, but through a mixture of ancient DNA and also very novel types of shape analysis on the teeth, we've been able to separate out the wood lemming species from the Norway lemming species.

And because they both like different types of environment, that's been really important for us in terms of understanding the local vegetation. So if we have something like a Norway lemming, these are typical tundra species. They can tolerate sort of fairly boggy types of environment. They would feed on grasses and sedges.

And because they both like different types of environment, that's been really important for us in terms of understanding the local vegetation. So if we have something like a Norway lemming, these are typical tundra species. They can tolerate sort of fairly boggy types of environment. They would feed on grasses and sedges.

And because they both like different types of environment, that's been really important for us in terms of understanding the local vegetation. So if we have something like a Norway lemming, these are typical tundra species. They can tolerate sort of fairly boggy types of environment. They would feed on grasses and sedges.

And we know that obviously they can tolerate snow cover and they are a great indicator of local conditions on the ground.

And we know that obviously they can tolerate snow cover and they are a great indicator of local conditions on the ground.

And we know that obviously they can tolerate snow cover and they are a great indicator of local conditions on the ground.

perhaps not quite as cold, but still a shock to the system. So, you're looking at really a sort of, I guess, a decrease of perhaps four or five degrees centigrade in terms of air temperatures, certainly for the Younger Dryas across Europe. It's not the same globally.

perhaps not quite as cold, but still a shock to the system. So, you're looking at really a sort of, I guess, a decrease of perhaps four or five degrees centigrade in terms of air temperatures, certainly for the Younger Dryas across Europe. It's not the same globally.

perhaps not quite as cold, but still a shock to the system. So, you're looking at really a sort of, I guess, a decrease of perhaps four or five degrees centigrade in terms of air temperatures, certainly for the Younger Dryas across Europe. It's not the same globally.

So, the Younger Dryas is manifested differently in different parts of the world, but certainly that's what we would expect for Northwest Europe.

So, the Younger Dryas is manifested differently in different parts of the world, but certainly that's what we would expect for Northwest Europe.