Professor Matthew Kiernan

So you might have said, oh, someone looks a bit frail.

That doesn't really mean anything.

But frailty is, it's a two-way process between the body and all of the body organs and the brain.

So when the brain stops working, the organs don't work as well.

But if the organs don't work as well, the brain stops working in converse.

So you don't let yourself get frail.

How can you prevent yourself from becoming frail?

Well, resistance training, high-protein diet, aerobic training, stay engaged with the community.

These are the things that are going to help brain health.

Well, I think obviously he was a visionary.

But yeah, when you exercise, for instance, blood vessels dilate.

So the blood vessels dilate, more blood flow starts going through.

In your brain, you mean?

In your brain and all over your body, but in your muscles.

So it's just reflecting what's going on.

But a number of conditions are also associated with other metabolic changes in the brain and the body in a general sense.

So insulin resistance, metabolic health, mitochondrial function.

So all the cellular approaches, inflammation, inflammation in the brain, inflammation in the organs of the body.

So all of these are improved through exercise and high-intensity exercises, as Mark Penny suggested back then.

I think the other thing is, and I understand what he's saying as well, there's a stigma, and people don't necessarily want to be associated with any of these conditions.