Rachel Carlson

You're like, that's the filet mignon of frog. What are you doing? It really is.

And not just bats. There's so many predators that love that frog. Really, we call them the popcorn of the forest. Like they are bite-sized. They're palatable.

And not just bats. There's so many predators that love that frog. Really, we call them the popcorn of the forest. Like they are bite-sized. They're palatable.

And not just bats. There's so many predators that love that frog. Really, we call them the popcorn of the forest. Like they are bite-sized. They're palatable.

Oh, no.

Oh, no.

Oh, no.

That one is highly poisonous.

That one is highly poisonous.

That one is highly poisonous.

So that one is actually so famous for this terrible introduction into Australia. It's also introduced into Florida. It's wreaked havoc with many, many ecosystems. It does happen to be... Native to Panama, so it is supposed to be right here in our ecosystem. But it's enormous, and it's highly toxic.

So that one is actually so famous for this terrible introduction into Australia. It's also introduced into Florida. It's wreaked havoc with many, many ecosystems. It does happen to be... Native to Panama, so it is supposed to be right here in our ecosystem. But it's enormous, and it's highly toxic.

So that one is actually so famous for this terrible introduction into Australia. It's also introduced into Florida. It's wreaked havoc with many, many ecosystems. It does happen to be... Native to Panama, so it is supposed to be right here in our ecosystem. But it's enormous, and it's highly toxic.

So we had only in the past tested adult bats. We captured a whole bunch of bats, both adults and juveniles this time, and we brought them into a flight cage, which is just basically a big screened room. So they're at ambient temperature, ambient light. They have all that normal outdoor sounds. And then really we just played the frog calls one by one and quantified what those reactions were.

So we had only in the past tested adult bats. We captured a whole bunch of bats, both adults and juveniles this time, and we brought them into a flight cage, which is just basically a big screened room. So they're at ambient temperature, ambient light. They have all that normal outdoor sounds. And then really we just played the frog calls one by one and quantified what those reactions were.

So we had only in the past tested adult bats. We captured a whole bunch of bats, both adults and juveniles this time, and we brought them into a flight cage, which is just basically a big screened room. So they're at ambient temperature, ambient light. They have all that normal outdoor sounds. And then really we just played the frog calls one by one and quantified what those reactions were.

So we were wondering to what degree is that eavesdropping behavior really hardwired versus something that needs to develop through experience over time? What this experiment showed was absolutely the latter. It seemed that they really, really do need to have experience with these palatable versus poisonous species to develop the acoustic repertoire that the adults have later in life.

So we were wondering to what degree is that eavesdropping behavior really hardwired versus something that needs to develop through experience over time? What this experiment showed was absolutely the latter. It seemed that they really, really do need to have experience with these palatable versus poisonous species to develop the acoustic repertoire that the adults have later in life.

So we were wondering to what degree is that eavesdropping behavior really hardwired versus something that needs to develop through experience over time? What this experiment showed was absolutely the latter. It seemed that they really, really do need to have experience with these palatable versus poisonous species to develop the acoustic repertoire that the adults have later in life.

It actually is like that in nature. The forest at night in the tropics, it's this cacophony of frog calls and there are many times, many species calling at once. Yeah.