Robert Fried

Yeah.

I mean, so how would you stack it?

You know, there's a lot of talk of telomeres, for example, as like one of the biomarkers of aging.

It's like the, you know, shoelace caps at the end of your chromosomes is how they're colloquially thought of as.

How would you kind of, where would you place NAD in terms of its reliability as an aging biomarker?

The telomere research is really fascinating and quite interesting.

There again, we have seen obviously a correlation between the length of the telomere and age.

But we haven't, there's an example of elongating telomeres, we haven't been able to do that and prevent aging or reverse aging.

However, it's a very specific biomarker.

The thing about NAD is it sort of varies over time even during the day and even organ to organ.

Most people are measuring their blood NAD levels these days.

Blood NAD levels isn't really a great indicator of how high your NAD levels are.

Where you have a damaged cell is where you're likely to have a diminished NAD level.

It's very difficult to do that in a kidney.

You'd have to get a biopsy.

Right.

There are ways to measure NAD in a brain with an MRI without actually non-invasively.

But we don't really have good, consistent, easy ways to measure NAD levels in the tissue.

And it varies.

It's almost like cholesterol.