Sarah Paine

And so this is when Pakistan sees that China might have real possibilities as an ally.

And Bhutto is going to play the China card for the nuclear chip, trying to get...

Chinese help for all of that.

And here's what happens.

So you have the 1962 war, and then in 1963, Pakistan really inexplicably is ceding territory to China.

Who does that?

And there are various possibilities, but I'm surmising it's because it's going to be help on nuclear development.

That would explain why you would give a lot of territory.

But we don't know.

There was supposed to be some mutual defense pact, maybe, and there's some other things going on.

Anyway, you can imagine what it may or may not have been.

Okay.

In the case of Pakistan and China and India and Russia, they had quite a good relationship because the Pakistanis and the Chinese shared India as their problem, and the Russians and the Indians shared China as their problem, and that worked pretty well.

But the United States was just a disaster from both Indian and Chinese.

Pakistani point of view and vice versa, because the United States wanted to befriend both of them.

But if you befriend one, the other is appalled.

And so the United States wound up appalling everybody.

And so what the United States wanted to have happen is for India and Pakistan to put aside their differences and then combine against China and

stop communism from spreading.

India and Pakistan want to use the United States for maximum aid to use against the other, which is a non-starter for the United States.