Venki Ramakrishnan

So the other thing is exercise. The other thing is exercise. And exercise, it turns out... helps to repair and renew the body. In fact, It's involved in regeneration of mitochondria, regeneration of muscle. So it has a huge number of benefits. And the last leg of this trio is sleep. So we think of sleep as something that maybe mammals do or animals with a brain or eyes do.

So the other thing is exercise. The other thing is exercise. And exercise, it turns out... helps to repair and renew the body. In fact, It's involved in regeneration of mitochondria, regeneration of muscle. So it has a huge number of benefits. And the last leg of this trio is sleep. So we think of sleep as something that maybe mammals do or animals with a brain or eyes do.

It turns out sleep is highly conserved, even very simple organism sleep, even things like single-celled animals sleep. have a daily fluctuation in the genes they express, which is the equivalent of sleep. And sleep would normally, you would have selected against it because you're vulnerable when you're asleep.

It turns out sleep is highly conserved, even very simple organism sleep, even things like single-celled animals sleep. have a daily fluctuation in the genes they express, which is the equivalent of sleep. And sleep would normally, you would have selected against it because you're vulnerable when you're asleep.

And the fact that we all sleep and need to sleep means it's performing an essential function in life. There's a fascinating book called Why We Sleep by Matthew Walker. And, you know, he goes into a lot of this detail. It turns out during sleep, we're doing a lot of maintenance and repair, both of our nervous system, but also of our cells. And sleep is essential for healthy aging.

And the fact that we all sleep and need to sleep means it's performing an essential function in life. There's a fascinating book called Why We Sleep by Matthew Walker. And, you know, he goes into a lot of this detail. It turns out during sleep, we're doing a lot of maintenance and repair, both of our nervous system, but also of our cells. And sleep is essential for healthy aging.

And so this trio, I would say, is a great place for us. You don't have to restrict your calories to the absolute minimum you need, but As long as you avoid bad food and being overweight, and especially obesity is a real problem with all sorts of things, including aging and cancer.

And so this trio, I would say, is a great place for us. You don't have to restrict your calories to the absolute minimum you need, but As long as you avoid bad food and being overweight, and especially obesity is a real problem with all sorts of things, including aging and cancer.

So if you can avoid that, eat moderately and eat healthily and exercise regularly and sleep, that's a great way in which we can take control. And these might have been longstanding pieces of advice, but what's different now is we understand the molecular basis for why they're actually working. So we know that they do actually work.

So if you can avoid that, eat moderately and eat healthily and exercise regularly and sleep, that's a great way in which we can take control. And these might have been longstanding pieces of advice, but what's different now is we understand the molecular basis for why they're actually working. So we know that they do actually work.

Well, the goal of the aging research community is to give you a pill so you can have that blueberry pie and ice cream.

Well, the goal of the aging research community is to give you a pill so you can have that blueberry pie and ice cream.

I personally think that our mortality is what gives our lives meaning. there's a famous law, Parkinson's law, that work expands to fill available time. Now imagine if you had all the time in the world, you would just procrastinate. And I think that's a serious problem. It gives us the drive to get things done. It gives us some purpose in life. Now, I also think there's another problem.

I personally think that our mortality is what gives our lives meaning. there's a famous law, Parkinson's law, that work expands to fill available time. Now imagine if you had all the time in the world, you would just procrastinate. And I think that's a serious problem. It gives us the drive to get things done. It gives us some purpose in life. Now, I also think there's another problem.

Let's say we all started living very, very long lives. And if you don't want a population growth, explosion, then what you have to have is very slow turnover. And this means the same people are hanging on with very slow change in society. And you would have, I think, a stagnant society. Because even though we're living longer, it does turn out that we're at our most creative when we're young.

Let's say we all started living very, very long lives. And if you don't want a population growth, explosion, then what you have to have is very slow turnover. And this means the same people are hanging on with very slow change in society. And you would have, I think, a stagnant society. Because even though we're living longer, it does turn out that we're at our most creative when we're young.

This is true in many of the sciences, but oddly enough, it appears to be true even in areas like literature. Many authors write their best work when they're young. Then they go on to produce good work, but it's not necessarily their best work.

This is true in many of the sciences, but oddly enough, it appears to be true even in areas like literature. Many authors write their best work when they're young. Then they go on to produce good work, but it's not necessarily their best work.

And Ishiguro, the writer, Kazuo Ishiguro, had an idea that he says, when you're young, it's not just about your cells and your DNA damage and things like that, but rather you're experiencing everything fresh for the first time. You're more objective. You're not biased. You haven't accumulated biases. And so that leads to creativity.

And Ishiguro, the writer, Kazuo Ishiguro, had an idea that he says, when you're young, it's not just about your cells and your DNA damage and things like that, but rather you're experiencing everything fresh for the first time. You're more objective. You're not biased. You haven't accumulated biases. And so that leads to creativity.