Chapter 1: How does reading change the way our brains work?
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Six Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com
Hello! Welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Becca. And I'm Georgie. Remember, you can find all this episode's vocabulary along with a transcript and worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish.com. Now Becca, do you read a lot? Hmm, I don't read often. I just feel like I don't have the time, Georgie. How about yourself?
I would love to read more, but I don't read very much at the moment. I read mostly before bed because I feel like it helps me relax and go to sleep. And today we're talking all about reading. We'll be hearing from some experts about how reading can change our brains. And as usual, we'll be learning some useful new words and phrases.
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Chapter 2: What does scientific research say about the reading brain?
Let's start with a quiz question. The longest novel in the world is widely thought to be by French author Marcel Proust. A book which, when translated into English, means Remembrance of Things Past. But how many words does the book contain? Is it A. 130 000, B. 1.3 million or C. 13 million?
Okay, the longest novel in the world. I still think 13 million words sounds too many, so I'm going to go with B, 1.3 million. All right, we'll find out at the end of the program. Now, we might think of reading as like speaking. We're born with the potential to do it, and then we learn. It's natural. If something is natural, it's something you were born with or that comes from nature.
But Marianne Wolff, author of the book Reader Come Home, says that this isn't true.
We think of language as natural, and reading is written language, so it must be natural. But it isn't. It isn't natural at all. Scientific studies suggest that when we are born, our brains already have the networks that allow our eyes to see and our vocal cords to produce sounds, but not with the pathways we need to read. Let's hear more from psychologist and neuroscientist Rebecca Gottlieb, speaking to the BBC World Service.
Ympäristö ei ollut tarpeeksi aikaa kehittää käsittelykysymyksen. Käsittelykysymyksen järjestyminen rakentaa käsittelykysymyksen järjestyminen. Käsittely on koko kysymyksen järjestyminen.
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Chapter 3: How does the language we read affect our brain structure?
It involves activation in all four lobes of the cortex. The process of developing a reading brain alters everything from brain activity to brain structure and brain connectivity.
Deep reading is really fundamental to our humanity. When we read deeply, we change our brains and we change who we are. Rebecca says that our brains haven't evolved to include a dedicated reading brain. Dedicated here means designed and used for one particular purpose.
Joten, koska meillä ei ole aineen osa, joka on suunniteltava lukemiseen, kun me oppimme lukemaan, me koottamme muiden osien aineen. Koottaminen tässä tarkoittaa, että joku tai jotkut voivat sisällyttää aineen. Kyllä, oppimaan lukemaan tarkoittaa käyttämään monia eri osia aineen, jotka ovat suunniteltaneet muiden asioiden, ja tämä vaihtaa aineen rakennus, verrattuna joku, joka ei ole oppinut lukemaan.
and the language we read also shapes our brain. Chinese characters, for example, use symbols instead of letters of the alphabet to represent words and ideas. Research suggests that learning to read these symbols activates different areas of the brain to reading an alphabet-based system.
Koulutajat opiskelevat yksilöitä, jotka voivat lukea ja puhua ruotsia ja englantia. Hän on syntynyt syrjystä, joka on vaikuttanut osiin huoneesta, jolloin hänen voimaansa lukea ruotsia. Mutta mahtavaa, hän oli edelleen voinut lukea englantia. Marianne Wolff kertoo enemmän BBC World Serviceen. Se on kaunis esimerkki siitä, miten huoneen kirkko...
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Chapter 4: What are the differences between reading alphabetic and non-alphabetic languages?
reflect the requirements of Chinese, which inevitably means more visual memory and visual processing of those beautifully intricate symbols or characters. Marianne says that the brain circuit is shaped by learning to read Chinese. A circuit is a system of connections. The visual qualities of Chinese symbols inevitably mean more visual areas of the brain are developed.
Inevitably means in a way that cannot be stopped or avoided. Marianne describes the symbolic Chinese characters as beautifully intricate. If something is intricate, it has lots of detail.
And something which also has lots of detail or certainly lots of words. I asked you, Georgie, how many words are in Marcel Proust's Remembrance of Things Past? I said 1.3 million. And you were correct! The book also contains lots of very long sentences, including one with over 900 words. One sentence with 900 words, that is a lot.
Okay, it's time to recap the language we learned during this program, starting with natural, which describes something you were born with or that comes from nature. Dedicated can describe something that is designed and used for one particular purpose. If you co-opt someone or something, you involve them, sometimes against their will. A circuit is a system of connections, for example in the brain. Inevitably means in a way that cannot be stopped or avoided.
And intricate describes something which has lots of detail. That's it for this episode of 6 Minute English. Test what you've learned with the worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish.com. Thanks for joining us. Goodbye. Bye.
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Chapter 5: What vocabulary can we learn from this episode about reading?
Meille Akria-eläinvakuutuksessa on tärkeää, että lemmikilläsi on mahdollisuus parhaaseen hoitoon. Eläinvakuutuksemme tarjoavat sopivan turvan kaikenlaisiin tarpeisiin. Sinä valitset vakuutuksen laajuuden, me tarjoamme maksuttoman etäeläinlääkärin sekä nopean suorakorvauksen klinikan kassalla.