戍鼓断人行,边秋一雁声。露从今夜白,月是故乡明。有弟皆分散,无家问死生。寄书长不达,况乃未休兵。这首诗是乾元二年(759)秋杜甫在秦州(治所在今甘肃天水)所作。这年九月,史思明从范阳引兵南下,攻陷汴州,西进洛阳,山东、河南都处于战乱之中。当时,杜甫的几个弟弟正分散在这一带,由于战事阻隔,音信不通,引起他强烈的忧虑和思念。《月夜忆舍弟》即是他当时思想感情的真实记录。在古典诗歌中,思亲怀友是常见的题材,这类作品要力避平庸,不落俗套,单凭作者生活体验是不够的,还必须在表现手法上匠心独运。杜甫正是在对这类常见题材的处理中,显出了他的大家本色。
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