生者为过客,死者为归人[1]。天地一逆旅,同悲万古尘。月兔空捣药,扶桑已成薪。白骨寂无言,青松岂知春。前后更叹息,浮荣何足珍?〔注〕[1]归人:《列子·天瑞篇》:“古者谓死人为归人。夫言死人为归人,则生人为行人矣。”李白曾一度热衷于追求功名,希望“身没期不朽,荣名在麟阁”(《拟古其七》)。然而经过“赐金放还”、流放夜郎等一系列的挫折,深感荣华富贵的虚幻,有时不免流露出一种人生易逝的感伤情绪:“生者为过客,死者为归人。天地一逆旅,同悲万古尘。”活着的人像匆匆来去的过路行人,死去的人仿佛是投向归宿之地、一去不返的归客。天地犹如一所迎送过客的旅舍;人生苦短,古往今来有多少人为此同声悲叹!那么,天上仙界和地下冥府又如何呢?
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