Trump’s tariffs are here. What you need to know.

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What are Trump's new tariffs and why were they implemented?

Shamita Basu 0:34
But first, after a one-month delay, President Donald Trump's 25 percent tariffs on imports from Mexico and Canada went into effect at midnight last night. The president also doubled the current tariffs on imports from China from 10 percent to 20 percent. China swiftly responded with retaliatory tariffs on imports of American food and farm products.

How have Mexico, Canada, and China responded to the tariffs?

Shamita Basu 0:55
like chicken, soy, wheat, corn, fruits, and vegetables. Canada also announced their own tariffs on $30 billion worth of U.S. imports, with promises to extend that in the days to come. Mexico, China, and Canada are among the U.S. 's biggest trading partners. Combined, the three nations were responsible for more than 40 percent of the nearly $3 trillion in goods imported in 2023. Trump says the tariffs will provide a new revenue source for the government, pressure companies to relocate their production operations to the U.S., and force these countries to do more to stop the flow of fentanyl and illegal immigrants into the United States. Here's how Secretary of Commerce Howard Lutnick described Trump's moves to Fox News on Sunday.
Howard Lutnick 1:39
We need fairness and we need the strength of Donald Trump to make the world reasonable to America and stop picking us off. It's over. Donald Trump's going to end it and make the world trade fairly with America.
Shamita Basu 1:53
On the eve of the tariffs going into effect, financial markets took a dive, with the S&P 500 posting its biggest loss since December and the Dow dropping more than 600 points. The Wall Street Journal describes this as the end of a decades-long era and a souring of the bet Canada and Mexico made when they signed agreements tying them to U.S.

What economic impacts could the tariffs have on the U.S. and its trading partners?

Shamita Basu 2:14
trade, believing that the United States would continue to become more interconnected and more market-oriented. So let's take some time today to talk about the expected impact of these tariffs and how we got here. A month ago, when Trump first threatened tariffs against Mexico and Canada before backing off, officials from those countries made quick moves to deploy more resources to the border, including Canada creating a fentanyl czar and Mexico sending troops. Lutnick told CNN the administration appreciated those moves, but they hadn't done enough on fentanyl. Yesterday, Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum disputed that claim, pointing to data that shows there's been a nearly 50 percent drop in fentanyl seizures at the border compared to a year ago. China, meanwhile, did not offer concessions and, according to The New York Times, does not want to come across as pleading with Trump.
Shamita Basu 3:06
Now that the tariffs are here, economists say it could impact everything from grocery products to lumber to gas. The Wall Street Journal spoke with economists who say this trade war could lead to stagflation. That's a condition where the economy is barely growing or stagnant while combating high inflation. J.P. Morgan's chief economist also told the journal that if Canada and Mexico go into a recession because of this, that would also hurt the U.S. economy. Here's how CNN's Fareed Zakaria explained what the impact could be.

How are these tariffs affecting American and international businesses?

Fareed Zakaria 3:37
Let's take car production. In America, cars are made as a kind of integrated supply chain. In other words, parts moving back and forth from America to Canada to Mexico. They cross the border three or four times and you build essentially North American cars. So you're tariffing the part of the American supply chain. And guess who's going to come in? The Korean car manufacturers and the Japanese car manufacturers for whom there are no tariffs. This is a gift to Japan and Korea.
Shamita Basu 4:06
American carmakers won't be the only ones hurting. Shares of European car companies like Volkswagen, Mercedes-Benz and BMW all dropped early Tuesday. And while a lot of larger American businesses have long been preparing for this moment, some of America's smaller businesses say it's been much tougher for them.

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