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Chapter 1: What is the premise of George Orwell's Animal Farm?
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Arrancamos con otro episodio de Bibliotequeando. Como siempre, les habla su anfitrión, Ricardo Lugo, arroba Bibliotequeando en las redes. Sigan compartiendo la cuenta, dando like, siguiendo, promoviendo el podcast 5 estrellas para seguir mejorando nuestro conocimiento y cultura a través de los libros.
También se pueden suscribir al blog de Bibliotequeando, donde yo escribo distintos artículos sobre distintos temas de los libros que hacemos en el podcast y otros que no forman parte de esta lista. El link lo encuentran en la descripción de este podcast o en el link de las cuentas de las redes sociales.
This book is a fable, it's about some animals that live in a farm and they feel that this farm has a system, a kind of government, so to speak, that oppresses them, that discriminates them, that the animals work, they do all the work and humans are the ones who have the benefits.
So they decide to rebel, overthrow this government of humans and control the farm to establish a government, a better world. And I think it's important to be able to enjoy this book to be able to understand the historical context in which it was written. George Orwell, who is British, published this book in 1945. This is the end of the Second World War. But the Cold War has not yet begun.
There is still a union between England and the Soviet Union. That famous photo of Winston Churchill shaking hands with Joseph Stalin. There is some collaboration between the two, since both are defeating the Nazis. The enemy of my enemy is my friend.
But Orwell knows the things that are happening within the Soviet Union and he realizes that the Soviet Union cannot be criticized much in England because the elite considers that a certain support to the Nazis or because they really agree with the philosophy of this new Stalinist revolution.
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Chapter 2: How does the historical context influence the themes of Animal Farm?
So the pigs continue with this reign, and they say that due to the importance of educating the young, We are going to separate the newborn puppies from their parents and put them apart in a barn. And this is exactly what all cattlemen do, what Mr. Jones did, he divided the animals, he took the offspring from their mothers and fathers. But I think this is a symbol of the alliance of the state.
In communism that is how they demand you, especially in Stalinism, they demanded you to be faithful to the state. Forget about your family, your family can be the enemy. If your family is doing something that is not, tell the state that we go with the police and we interview them. And that interview, of course, ended badly.
But then we started to see how now the difference between pigs and the rest of the animals is much more accentuated. But within the whole farm it works. There is corruption. There are things that are not correct, but the farm is working, the animals are doing the work, there are resources, everyone is eating. The farm works and this is bad news for the other farms in the county.
The other human beings do not want their animals to find out that they are perhaps not necessary. So they go with Mr. Jones and attack the animal farm to try to recover it. This, of course, is a symbol of, let's say, the counterrevolutions. that there has been through history.
So this gives them a new battle, a second battle, which is the battle of the stable, but the animals win it again and in fact they capture the weapon of Mr. Jones and now they have it as a symbol of victory and they are going to shoot it ceremonially twice a year. This perhaps in history is something minimal, but it seemed important to me because
You can see the change in the animal farm of a system, let's say, in quotes, normal with a little bit of corruption. Now being a system almost even nationalist with a greater military order because we won a battle and we are going to celebrate the victory of our ancestors against the other enemy of that time and we are going to celebrate it like this.
It is totally a system already quite different from the idea that the old mayor imagined. So this is the decline of the animal farm, at least this is where it starts. Molly, that mare that had complained before, along with Moisés, the crow, turns out to be very problematic. It turns out that she is resisting very strongly to the social order of Animal Farm.
She is grabbing articles that the pigs say are forbidden. Then the pigs announce to the rest of the animals that she has disappeared. That it is reported that she went to live a conventional horse life.
closer to another farm in another town that's what they say and Orwell through the book leaves that without interrogation that obviously one as a reader assumes that the pigs killed Molly and as always the animals do not suspect everything remains normal but a very hard winter is coming so the animals meet they are trying to plan what to do for the next season and they begin to divide
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Chapter 3: What events lead to the animals' rebellion against Mr. Jones?
And in fact, Squealer announces that we have to eliminate the anthem of the beasts of England, which was the original anthem that they had sung with the old mayor pig, which is going to be abolished and they are going to have a new song, a new anthem, because we have already achieved that image of perfect society. So now something new is coming.
Of course, all this is a lie, they have not achieved anything, everything is worse, but they continue with the manipulation of information, the manipulation of the minds of people to stay in power. Y la dictadura sigue creciendo. Napoleón, de hecho, obliga a que lo saluden diciendo nuestro líder, el camarada Napoleón.
Ahí, como les dije antes, hay ciertos rasgos más militares, más dictatoriales dentro de la granja animal. Y Napoleón, que todo este tiempo había hecho comercio con un señor Pilkington, cambia su lealtad a Frederick, que era otro dueño de otra granja, otro ser humano. Esto no le gustan los animales, porque ellos
They fear and hate Frederick, because according to reports or bad language, he was a very cruel person with his animals. But Napoleon doesn't care much about that. He affirms that Snowball has been living in the Pilkington farm. So Pilkington is a traitor to the animal farm. So he's going to work with Frederick. The business is that Napoleon is going to sell wood to Frederick.
He was going to use that money to finance the machinery to build the famous windmill that was already deconstructed, it was already collapsed once. But in these treaties, as happens in the modern world, when you do business with these bad governments, it is better not to do it. Napoleon turns out to be giving fake bills to Mr. Frederick.
Frederick and several other men end up organizing an attack against the animal farm. and they blow up with dust the construction of the new windmill, which was already recently completed. This was a vile and despicable act according to the advertising resources of the Napoleon's dictatorship. And this encourages the animals to go to war against the humans in the farm and again they win.
Squiller is the one who declares victory. and announces that several animals have died, that Boxer, who is the main worker, the farm horse, is even painfully wounded and that they are going to call this battle the Battle of the Windmill, again with the theme of this meeting or military dictatorship that they have in the farm.
A few days later, Squealer announces that Napoleon is dying and this is a moment that everyone says what is going to happen here if The leader is over, who is in charge, etc. But right there he warns another announcement. And he warns that Napoleon has recovered quickly and miraculously.
It seems that Napoleon and the other pigs discovered a barrel of whiskey that was in the basement of the country house, because they didn't have that before. Which is what sickened them briefly. But, after having tried a lot of whiskey, he ended up liking it. But the animalist doctrine says that alcohol consumption is prohibited.
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