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Chapter 1: What is the main topic discussed in this episode?
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How can you prove to society that you are philosophically superior to it? That was the question that the character of this novel was asked and decided to commit a murder to prove it. But then it is difficult for him to deal with the psychological consequences of being a murderer.
Let's go now with the summary of one of the most popular books in Russian literature, Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky. We start with another episode of Bibliotequeando. As always, I am your host, Ricardo Lugo, at Bibliotequeando on the networks. Keep sharing the account, giving likes, following, promoting the podcast 5 stars to continue improving our knowledge and culture through books.
You can also subscribe to the Bibliotequeando blog, where I write different articles about different topics of the books that we do in the podcast and others that are not part of this list. The link is found in the description of this podcast or in the link of the social media accounts. Today I bring you an excellent novel, very popular, very respected, Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky.
This novel basically deals, as I told you in the intro, with a man who decides to commit a murder for philosophical reasons and then that psychological punishment with which he has to suffer. That's where the title comes from.
And while we do the summary of the novel, we will understand that the true punishment is not the judicial punishment, it is not the legal punishment, it will be the internal punishment. Your mind is the one that can really make you miserable. And before starting with the summary, I think it is very important that we understand a little about Dostoevsky, why he wrote this book.
The author, in the 1850s, in Russia, literature of many areas was prohibited. And he was part of a group of students who rebelled before that law and was reading and talking about these books, discussing them, and he was put in prison. In fact, he was sentenced to death. That's how radical this law was.
He was just minutes away from being convicted, from being shot, and for whatever reason, His Majesty of the time forgave him and the other students. So he spent several years in prison, but it was never normal after that experience. He always had scratches, it's not clear yet, there was no technology, but he had some kind of nervous disease that began to appear in his mind after the arrest.
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Chapter 2: What philosophical question drives the main character's actions?
And he had very violent epileptic attacks until the day of his death. And he died 30 years after this, so he suffered a lot.
with psychological trauma and I think that through this experience is that he decides to write this book so we are seeing not only the opinion of a great author perhaps one of the best in history but also the opinion of someone who went through something similar so let's start with the summary of this great novel that starts
with the main character, Rodion Raskolnikov, who lives in a kind of apartment in the center of the city of St. Petersburg. He is very young, he is 23 years old, but he is irreparably indebted to the owner. He cannot pay for his apartment and decides to escape one day so that they will not go looking for him to pay what he owes.
He is half starving, he has been without eating for two days and has been for weeks as alienated, isolated from society, very lonely, only thinking about himself, he does not talk to anyone. And it shows that he is a person who lives in poverty and miserable conditions, not only humanitarian, but social. He is not interacting with the world and he is very depressed.
So depressed that he got late in his studies, he stopped going to university, etc. etc. despite being a very read person. During all this, the author shows us that Rodion has some ideas in his head that we are not clear about what they are, but he fears for himself that he wants to do an act not specific but indescribable. He knows that he is about to do it, but he still does not know what.
Also, Raskolnikov's work is painted by Rodion as a young priest who is only wearing dirty clothes, old clothes, because he doesn't want people to notice him. In fact, there's a scene where he's on a bus, or not a bus, but a kind of cart, and he gets off, And he realizes that he has a hat on, and he says, so that I have a hat on, people are going to realize that this hat is very striking, etc.
So right now he is trying to go unnoticed through the city. And walking aimlessly through the streets, he meets an old loaner, who is called Aliona Ivanovna. This Aliona is a half-famous woman in the town, because she has a business of commitment, more or less successful, but she is very strong with her clients. In other words, she pays very little for the positions she takes.
Raskolnikov arrives, he needs the money, he talks to her, they start to bargain several things that he had, watches, etc. And the girl, as always, offers him very little money and Raskolnikov has no choice but to accept.
She knows more or less who he is for his style of clothing, for his situation, and she tells him that he accepts this money, nothing else, and Rodion has no choice but to accept it.
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Chapter 3: How does Dostoevsky's background influence the narrative?
In the letter Rodion continues to read and finds out that both Dunia and her mother are going to move to St. Petersburg to be with Lushin because he works there and Lushin seems to be going to try to get a job for Raskolnikov, Rodion and also help the family a little, both the mother and the sister. This seems, when you're reading the book, good news, but it's not.
Rodion Raskolnikov says that he's going to stop that marriage, that he's going to prevent this from happening, that he doesn't want Dunia and Lushin to be together because he thinks that Dunia...
is marrying him not for love but because he needs to accept that proposal to be able to financially help his brother and he takes this in a way, let's say, as insulting as it makes him feel less so he decides to avoid, he proposes that he is going to avoid that this marriage happens at that moment he finishes reading the letter and decides to visit his friend Dimitri Razumikhin
an old friend of the university. But Rodion on the way back, or rather on the way to his friend's house, finds Elisabetta, who is the sister of Alyona Ivanovna, the loan shark. And he like hides, approaches her, but hides without her realizing that he is there, and begins to listen to what she is saying, and hears that her sister, the loan shark, is going to be alone tomorrow night around 7.
And he says, this is the perfect opportunity to execute my terrible plan. And also, while he's walking, he hears two young people saying that this Liona, this loaner, was an odious, was an aggressive, and they were accusing her of charging scandalous, inflated rates, very high interests, to people who knew she couldn't pay him, so she could take away more possessions from him.
So, the book starts to show that this Liona, this loaner, is a sadistic woman. Also, the young people start to say that she beats her sister, Elisabetta, she takes over the possessions of others, sometimes without her permission, and they thought that she was a negative influence in the society of St. Petersburg.
And among them, as, let's say, judging among friends, they said, if someone killed her and took all that money and gave it to the poor, everyone would be happy in this city. And Rodion hears that, so we begin to understand how he begins to justify in his brain what he is about to do, what he knows he has time thinking, but he has not been able to articulate, let's say, in a concrete way.
So Rodion waits for the next day and shows himself, I repeat, as his delirium, he does not wake up, he is a little confused, he does not realize how time goes so fast, he gets distracted by other things that are not so important, it seems almost as if he had forgotten that at 7 o'clock at night the next day he is about to do something important.
But when he realizes that it's 7.30, he walks to her house, to Aliona, the loaner, and he rings the bell several times, and he wears an ax on his coat. He enters a kind of, like, by force, a little forced, but at the same time he's a client, right?
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Chapter 4: What internal struggles does Rodion Raskolnikov face after committing murder?
When he hears this, he faints. He faints and recovers quickly, but because of that faint, when he hears that, he feels convinced that now the police know that he was the one who did it. So we continue to see the point of the book, as I told you at the beginning, the punishment is not what the police do, the punishment is to do your mind, here the mind keeps playing games.
He fainted and that's it, the police are not going to know that he fainted because of that, he simply fainted for x reasons, he lacks food, the guy is poor, he lacks water, etc. But he once assumes that all eyes are on him. and that everyone knows and that guilt does not let him live normally.
Rodion begins to walk down the streets and his thoughts start to take him to a world that does not exist. He thinks that the police are already in his apartment registering his room, which is why they called the police station to actually register the house, etc. But when he gets home, there are no signs of anything. There is no intruder, everything is exactly as he left it.
y él decide ir a ese hueco donde escondió las cosas que le robó a la prestamista and look for a safer place to keep them. He goes out and finds a kind of rock, very big, in an abandoned land, a patio that is deserted. He lifts the rock and the rock naturally forms a hole in the ground.
When he lifts that rock, it remains in that hole and there he keeps the possessions, the things that he stole. So there he starts to feel a little more relaxed because he feels that there is no evidence, at least in his apartment, that connects him to the crime. So after hiding, the evidence, or one of the main evidence of the murder.
He decides to visit his friend Dimitri Razumikhin, which was something he had planned before the murder. When he visits him, he was a friend of the university, another student, and asks him for work, seeking to teach other students. He wanted to be a kind of tutor. Razumikhin tells him no, that he has a translation job for an editorial. In fact, it was even a better job.
But Rodion says no, he rejects him and starts to argue a little and leaves. And in those thoughts that he has, he comes home and again falls unconscious. Again, we begin to see the psychological damage that he is suffering. He spends nights and nights of fever.
eventually he only survived because the maid and her friend Dimitri fed him, took care of him all those days and they give him a money that his mother had sent him and they explain to him that Sametov, a person who works in the police, had gone to visit him this to Radion seemed strange to him but he is still a little confused, he cannot distinguish what reality is and what fiction is, what his dreams are
While he is starting to get into himself, he gets new clothes because his friend Dimitri wants to invite him to a party, a party that he is organizing in his apartment to receive an uncle who is coming to visit the city, an uncle who has a certain influence in the police, in the judicial power, and many important people are going to that party, including Sametov, the policeman who had paid him a visit to Rodion.
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Chapter 5: How does Rodion's encounter with Marmeladov impact his character development?
And then he did the same thing with two servants. So this is a monster of a person. Here they begin to understand, at least to understand that Svidrigailov probably wants to do some kind of evil to his sister, some kind of sexual obsession, perhaps. But they return to the issue of the marriage between Lushin and his sister Dunia,
and they don't fit, basically both Lushin and Rodion don't agree with each other Rodion's behavior with Sonia disturbs Lushin because Sonia is a prostitute and he doesn't want that in his family. They fall in insults and basically Dunia tells him that he can't treat his brother like that and ends the engagement. And here Lushin decides to take revenge on Rodion and Sonia.
Rodion leaves the scene and goes to visit Sonia. When he arrives, now that he is, let's say, in quotes, more sober, a little less intense, anxious mentally, he is even more impacted by the bad conditions in which she lives.
Let's remember, this is the daughter of Marmeladov, the drunk who died in the traffic accident, and now he has a mother who is mentally unstable, she as a prostitute, and two more children in the house who are very young. When Rodion arrives, he starts asking Amy about her work, her house, how her stepmother treats her, and Sonia answers with sincerity, but ashamed of many of the answers.
Rodion paints her with a terrible future, that your orphans, sorry, your little orphans from Marmeladov are going to have a very difficult time with this Katerina, who is Marmeladov's wife, who has a terminal mental illness, which Rodion diagnoses himself because he realizes that she is totally unstable, even worse than him, Rodion is traumatized by something he did, Katerina Ivanovna,
The widow of Marmela Doff is at a level of a probably diagnosed disease. These words of Rodion are a bit short and strong for Sonia, who starts to cry, but nevertheless she starts to grab her cross and says that God is going to protect her family. Rodion tells her that God does not exist and this causes even more pain to Sonia because she cannot imagine a world without a superior power.
And why is this conversation so important? Because Rodion, throughout all this time, sees the world as ordinary people and he is the extraordinary. And suddenly he gets so much kindness, so much humility in a woman who is a prostitute, a sex worker like Sonia who thinks that God is going to protect her.
He does not believe in God, I repeat, he is an intellectual, he does not believe in any of this, but he realizes that there is someone who may also believe in extraordinary beings, and that extraordinary being can be better than me, in this case God. Rodion takes a step back and starts to have a very uncomfortable conversation with Sonia.
He kisses her on the knees, he tells her that he is leaning against all human suffering, that Sonia is an excellent person. And Sonia, despite the fact that Rodion was a little shocked by having insulted God, Noto un poco como la bondad de Rodion. Y Rodion le dice que necesitan que ellos dos se unan. Digamos como una especie de pareja. Que ambos han transgredido, que ambos han rompido la ley.
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