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Chapter 1: What is the main topic discussed in this episode?
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On the morning of May 20th in 1957, a man named Don King was alone at home. Don King wasn't famous yet as a boxing promoter, but in Cleveland, he was known as the number czar.
Don King was about 25, so fairly young. He was starting to also become very active in the boxing community.
This is Professor Carolyn Long. When Don King was 10, his father was killed in an accident at his job at a steel factory. Don King and his brother started running an illegal lottery known as The Numbers. They would sell peanuts to the gambling houses in town. Each bag of nuts contained a square paper with lottery numbers on it. They would shout, get your hot roasted peanuts and your lucky number.
By the time he was 25, he was well known for running illegal gambling in Cleveland. At one point, he was making $15,000 a day from his gambling operation.
The people who were involved were primarily from the African-American community, and they were very much targeted by law enforcement because of the assumption that it was connected to organized crime, which is why the vice squad always went after them.
In Cleveland, vice crimes were handled by a unit called the Special Bureau of Investigation. One officer there was Sergeant Carl DeLau. He'd arrested Don King for illegal gambling in 1954. But afterwards, Don King and Carl DeLau became friendly, and sometimes Don King told Carl about rival gambling operations, and that he had to pay money to local gangsters for protection.
And then, on the morning of May 20th, 1957, a bomb exploded under Don King's front porch.
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Chapter 2: What events led to the bombing under Don King's porch?
Carolyn says that Dahlry told her that she was strong-willed as a child. She told her parents that, quote, she wanted to live her life her own way. When she was 10, they let her move in with her aunt in Cleveland. When she was 15, she got pregnant and had a daughter. She stayed in Cleveland and later dropped out of school. When Dahlry was 21, she got engaged to a boxer named Jimmy Bivens.
Dahlry said it was an abusive relationship. She told Carolyn, I had to leave him or kill him, and I wasn't ready to kill him. But she didn't want to say much else.
She said, you know, I'm not going to talk about that. I don't need to talk about that. He's a non-entity. He's irrelevant to my life.
Dahlry later dated another boxer, Archie Moore. They got engaged when she was 31, but broke up about a year later.
So she was really well known in the community because not only of these relationships, but because of who she was. She was socializing with people and her name was well known in the area. Well, at the time, she was strikingly attractive. She was in her early 30s. She was very slender, high cheekbones, and an incredible fierce gaze that just captured you.
You could tell how confident she was as a young woman and also how defiant she was.
Dolly Mapp was stopped often by the police on suspicion of being involved in illegal gambling.
She had not been arrested at this point, but she certainly had been detained and questioned and, in her mind, harassed by law enforcement. They seemed to look for ways to confront her. Carl DeLau referred to her as his arch enemy.
And I think that was less because she was some prominent criminal and more that she was a young Black woman who really pushed back and was oftentimes accusing them of targeting her and the people she knew because of their race and that it was unnecessary and that it was really brutal to her and to her friends to be under this constant scrutiny by police.
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Chapter 3: Who was Dollree Mapp and what was her background?
You can get up to seven years of prison.
The trial was scheduled for the next year, on September 3rd, 1958.
You know, her interaction with law enforcement was tense. She had some real concern about whether or not she would get treated fairly in the justice system.
As Dahlry Mapp's lawyers were preparing for the trial, they requested to see the warrant police had brought to Dahlry's house multiple times. The prosecution never sent a copy. Dahlry Mapp's lawyers filed a motion to suppress the books found at Dahlry Mapp's house. They didn't think the search was legal. They believed that there was no warrant. But a judge dismissed the motion.
On the first day of the trial, an officer named Michael Haney testified that he was there when Carl DeLau found the books in Dahlry's bedroom. And then Dalry Maps' lawyers asked him where the search warrant was now. Haney said, I don't know. Dalry's lawyer asked if he could remember what the warrant said. Michael Haney said he could not.
He said that Dalry had voluntarily welcomed the police inside. Carl DeLau testified next. He said that the police did break into the house. He also said that another officer brought him the warrant right before that. Dahlry Mapp told the jury that she had grabbed the piece of paper that the police had said was a warrant, but she had not been able to see or read it.
The prosecutor questioned her about the books and if they were really hers. Dahlry said again they didn't belong to her. At the end of the trial, the jury deliberated for 20 minutes. They found Doll Remap guilty of possession of, quote, certain lewd and lascivious books.
She was facing a one-to-seven-year sentence, and she was devastated. She was living with her young teenage daughter, and she was terrified that she had been so easily convicted.
Doll Remap and her lawyers decided to try and appeal her conviction. Her lawyers wrote in their appeal that they believed that the obscenity law in Ohio violated Dalry's constitutional rights. The Supreme Court had just ruled the year before, in 1957, on how to define obscene material. Before that, the standard had been to define something as obscene if even a part of it was considered lewd.
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Chapter 4: What happened when police attempted to search Dollree Mapp's home?
She helped other people get their visitation rights. Dalry served almost 10 years before her sentence was commuted in 1980.
As she's leaving, you know, she's been released, one of the guards said, you know, Ms. Mapp, I'll never forget you. And her response was, I've forgotten you already.
When she got out, she worked for a nonprofit that gave legal assistance to people in prison. Carolyn Long wrote a book about MAP v. Ohio. When she interviewed Dolry MAP for it, Dolry was in her 80s.
She lived by herself in her home in Queens, sort of a modest house. She took care of herself. She ate a vegetarian diet. You know, she was walking around the neighborhood often. But she didn't sort of put herself out there as, you know, the champion of the Fourth Amendment. She just sort of lived her own life.
Doll Remap died in 2014 on Halloween, just after her 91st birthday. Her great-niece said, My great-aunt was very, very, very strong-willed. She didn't prepare for death. I think Aunt Dolly thought she was going to live forever. Criminal is created by Lauren Spohr and me. Nadia Wilson is our senior producer. Katie Bishop is our supervising producer.
Our producers are Susanna Robertson, Jackie Zajico, Lily Clark, and Lena Sillison. This episode was fact-checked by Katie Sederborg. Our show is mixed and engineered by Veronica Simonetti. Julian Alexander makes original illustrations for each episode of Criminal. You can see them at thisiscriminal.com. And you can sign up for our newsletter at thisiscriminal.com slash newsletter.
Carolyn Long's book is Map the Ohio, Guarding Against Unreasonable Searches and Seizures. We hope you'll consider supporting our work by joining our membership program, Criminal Plus. You can listen to Criminal, This Is Love, and Phoebe Reads Mystery without any ads. Plus, you'll get bonus episodes.
These are special episodes with me and Criminal co-creator Lauren Spohr talking about everything from how we make our episodes to the crime stories that caught our attention that week to things we've been enjoying lately. To learn more, go to patreon.com slash criminal. We're on Facebook at This Is Criminal and Instagram and TikTok at criminal underscore podcast.
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