How Nicotine Silences Healing: The Diabetic Foot Risk

Dr. G explains how nicotine — from cigarettes, vapes, pouches, and nicotine replacement products — reduces blood flow, disrupts immune and cellular repair, and slows or worsens healing in diabetic foot wounds. He summarizes the science, lists nicotine-containing products, and gives practical, evidence-based guidance for clinicians and patients on screening, cessation options, and wound-care strategies to improve outcomes while working toward nicotine abstinence.

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