Chapter 1: What is the main topic discussed in this episode?
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I'm Janet Jalil and it's 16 Hours GMT on Friday the 20th of March. These are our main headlines. Gulf countries come under renewed attacks from Iran as Israel continues to bomb Tehran but pledges not to attack any more Iranian energy sites.
But with oil and gas prices still high, the International Energy Agency calls for people to work from home more, drive slower and fly less to reduce demand for fuel. Also in this podcast, with the patent about to expire in some countries on weight loss drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy, could cheaper generic products transform the battle against the bulge? And mission to the moon.
We will have the Earth out the window as a single ball, something none of us have seen. And then we're going to travel a quarter of a million miles away.
NASA's huge rocket, now repaired, heads back to the launch pad at Cape Canaveral in Florida in preparation for the first crewed flight in more than half a century. But first, nearly three weeks since the US and Israel began their war with Iran, it is continuing to fire missiles and drones at its Gulf neighbours, causing fires at a major refinery in Kuwait and a warehouse in Bahrain.
Blasts were also heard in Jerusalem. At the same time, Israel has again struck targets in Iran. But after a rare rebuke from President Trump, the Israeli Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, has pledged not to hit Iranian energy sites again. The Gulf states have been stunned and angered by the scale of Iran's response, not just hitting U.S.
bases on their soil as expected, but also energy infrastructure, airports and even hotels. The Saudi foreign minister said his country reserved the right to take military action against Iran. I got more on that with our security correspondent in Doha, Frank Gardner. But first, he told me more about the latest Iranian attacks.
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Chapter 2: What are the latest developments in Iran's attacks on Gulf countries?
But not everything is able to be shot down. Some things get through, and the damage to their critical national infrastructure could be catastrophic. Frank Gardner in Doha.
Well, we've already seen how damaging attacks on energy infrastructure can be, with this week's soaring gas and oil prices and stock market falls after that Iranian attack on Qatar's main site for producing liquefied natural gas.
Our business reporter, Nick Marsh, told me more about the extent of the damage at this highly important gas facility and the impact it's likely to have on our energy bills.
Qatar's energy minister said that it would take between three and five years to totally repair the damage sustained in those Iranian attacks on Wednesday night and the early hours of Thursday morning. There are 14 what's known as trains, so basically these huge trains.
processing units in which natural gas is cooled to a very very low temperature and it's turned into liquefied natural gas and that's the stuff that gets exported all around the world. Two of those 14 trains have been really severely damaged to the point where you need to rebuild the whole thing and that takes a very very long time indeed.
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Chapter 3: How are rising oil prices impacting global energy security?
That means that according to his calculations Qatar's LNG output is going to drop by 17% so nearly a fifth over the course of the next three to five years. Now that's obviously a huge blow to Qatar and its finances and its economy but also to all of the countries that rely on its liquefied natural gas. Lots of countries out here in Asia are
China, India as well, big customer, Japan, South Korea, but also increasingly Europe, given that Europe's trying to buy less Russian natural gas after the invasion of Ukraine. So, yes, some pretty significant damage we're talking about.
And briefly, we saw energy prices spike yesterday. What's it like today?
It has stabilised in relative terms, especially compared to yesterday, where things really, really shot up. I mean, natural gas going up by about 30%. Brent crude, you know, the benchmark for oil, a barrel of that hitting around $119, which is very high indeed. They've gone down a little bit, but still really, really high.
You could argue that they went down because Benjamin Netanyahu and Donald Trump were talking about no further attacks, but the facts on the ground mean that production is severely compromised.
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Chapter 4: Could cheaper weight loss drugs change the market in India?
Nick Marsh. And there's been a warning that the world faces its greatest ever energy threat from the Iran war. The International Energy Agency says the disruption to supplies is the largest in oil market history. And it's urged governments to look at ways of reducing demand, such as cutting speed limits and encouraging people to work from home more and to fly less.
Here's the head of the IEA, Fatih Birol.
Our world is facing the greatest global energy security challenge in the history. It is much bigger than what we had in the 1970s, the oil price shocks. It is also bigger than the natural gas price shock we have experienced after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. And it is not only oil and gas. fertilizers, petrochemicals, these are all facing major problems.
The head of the IEA, Fatih Birol. As well as the growing economic cost, there's also been a heavy personal cost for millions of people forced to flee their homes in Iran and in Lebanon. The Lebanese authorities say more than a thousand people have been killed there by Israeli attacks in the past three weeks.
There are no official figures for Iran, but the US-based human rights activist news agency says more than 3,100 people have been killed in Iran since the start of the US-Israeli war. This comes as Iranians are marking the Persian New Year, Nowruz, even as they mourn those they've lost in the Iranian regime's brutal crackdown on protesters in January and the ongoing war.
Dan Johnson has been speaking to some Iranians who've recently crossed into Turkey. A centuries-old celebration, this year has a very different soundtrack. In the corner of a restaurant in Van, the closest city to the border, Ali Reza Muli Hosseini plays the daf, a traditional Persian drum.
So many lives have been upended, but after crossing to Turkey, Ali Reza is reproducing the familiar sounds of home. In Iranian culture, sadness and happiness often go hand in hand.
Iranians haven't been able to speak out or protest freely, and that's what led us here. War is never a good thing, not for Iran, not for any nation.
Children are waking up to the sound of missiles, filled with fear. Families are leaving their homes just to survive. I'm absolutely heartbroken by what is happening in Iran.
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Chapter 5: What effects did the cyclone have on Australia's northeastern coast?
Our science editor, Rebecca Murrell, told us more. This is the second time the rocket's been rolled out to the pad. The first was back in January.
Chapter 6: What humanitarian aid is being delivered to Cuba amidst its crisis?
And the rocket's had a few technical problems. First of all, hydrogen leaks. Later, it had helium leaks. And engineers are really confident that they have fixed this. So the rocket is rolling back out to the launch pad today. I mean, this thing is huge. It's nearly 100 metres tall. It weighs 200. Two and a half thousand tonnes.
So it's being carried on top of a vehicle called a crawler transporter. It's being carried vertically so it can reach top speeds of about one mile an hour while it's being carried along, much slower going uphill and round corners. So the whole four mile journey takes about 12 hours in total. But once it's there...
Engineers will complete the final sort of checks and tests, but they really want to get this rocket launched at the start of April. And the earliest date for a launch window to open is actually the 1st of April. And the astronauts have entered into quarantine now, so to prepare for the mission. So, you know, limiting their exposure to bugs and viruses. So they're in peak health condition.
for their 10-day mission. I mean, remember, this is the first time any humans have been to the Moon in more than 50 years, and these astronauts will be flying around the far side of the Moon, so they're not going to orbit around it. They're going to go around the back of the Moon and come back to Earth again.
But this launch is actually, this mission is paving the way for a future lunar landing and then a future moon base, because the difference between the Artemis missions and the Apollo missions, that NASA wants to sort of build a sustained presence on the moon to have astronauts living and working there. And they're not the only ones. China are wanting to do the same.
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Chapter 7: How did Chuck Norris influence pop culture and action films?
I mean, China are aiming to get astronauts down to the lunar surface by 2030, and they're making very steady progress indeed. So the race is really on to get to the moon. Rebecca Murrell. Still to come in this podcast... We are going to experience loss of electricity and the damage is likely to be significant with a system of this size.
A cyclone hits Australia's north-eastern coast bringing fierce winds, heavy rain and flooding.
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What happens when you design healthcare around people, not systems? I'm Tejas Isai, special host of Resilient Edge, a business vitality podcast paid and presented by Deloitte. Learn how Deloitte, AWS, and Elevance Health are turning fragmented systems into effortless, intelligent care. Available now, wherever you listen to podcasts.
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This is the Global News Podcast. Weight loss drugs are set to become much cheaper as patents on drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy start to expire in India and a number of other countries. This means that millions of people who are overweight or have diabetes will now be able to afford them.
Our reporter, Achana Shukla, spoke to me from a factory in the southern Indian city of Bengaluru, which has already begun manufacturing generic versions of the drugs. The generic versions start coming into the market from tomorrow. So these factories over the last few months have actually put in a lot of capacity expansion, put in a lot of investment to ramp up capacities.
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