Chapter 1: What is the main topic discussed in this episode?
This BBC podcast is supported by ads outside the UK. Näitkö mitä just tapahtu? En, olin selkä suhun päin. Sovin asuntoesittelyn huomiseksi. Oho, oho. Sujuu kuin sato. Vuokraa elämäsi koti. Sato.fi
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Chapter 2: What warning does Pope Leo give about artificial intelligence?
Hello, I'm Oliver Conway. We're recording this at 16 hours GMT on Monday the 25th of May. Pope Leo warns that artificial intelligence poses a potentially existential risk to humanity. The World Health Organization chief says a delay in detecting Ebola means responders are now playing catch-up. And Saudi Arabia says haj pilgrims will be safe despite the war in Iran.
Also in the podcast. The idea here is that you could do one treatment once in your life and then hopefully the rest of your time you won't have to worry about high cholesterol causing heart disease. Could a one-off treatment spell the end of high cholesterol?
The Pope has sounded a warning about the dangers of artificial intelligence, saying it could pose a potentially existential risk to humanity, and calling for more to be done to reduce its impact on the environment. In his first encyclical, or teaching document, entitled Magnifica Humanitas, Leo said that AI shouldn't be allowed to concentrate power in the hands of just a few people, nor used for military purposes.
Artificial intelligence needs to be disarmed. The word is strong, I know, but deliberately chosen because this moment needs words capable of attracting attention, awakening consciences and indicating paths forward for humanity.
The pontiff also said that the idea of a just war, which has recently been used by the Trump administration to justify its attacks on Iran, was outdated. Sitting alongside the pope was anthropic co-founder Chris Ola, who warned against his own industry acting alone in dictating the development of AI.
Some might believe that matters of AI are best handled by computer scientists like myself. They are mistaken. The questions raised by AI are bigger than the AI research community. Not just in their implications, but also in their nature. If it helps, one way I sometimes describe this is that it's a little bit like bringing a fictional character to life. And now we're entering an extraordinary world where those fictional characters speak to us, do work, have jobs.
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Chapter 3: How could a new gene editing therapy change cholesterol treatment?
This clearly raises questions beyond computer science. The machinery that makes this possible is the work of math and programming and science. But what character we choose, how it interacts with the world, how it ought to interact with the world, these are more clearly questions for the humanities, for religion, for philosophy, for society at large. Elise Ann Allen is Rome correspondent for the Catholic news website Crooks and a biographer of Leo XIV. What does she make of the Pope's warning?
It was quite strong, and if you read this document, the language that Pope Leo uses is very forceful, sort of in condemning this culture of power, as he described it, and this tendency to domination. And that's the risk of these technologies now, is that they will be used to dominate and ultimately exploit the human person rather than work for their good. So he was very, very firm in his caution in terms of how these technologies work.
Joten se oli melko vahva message Pope Leoin tänään. Dokumentissa ja puheessa, jota kuulimme, hän ei pysynyt takaisin mitenkään näistä tapahtumista. Katsotaanpa sitä mahdollisimman vahvistettavaa vahvistusta, jota hän sanoi, että katolikki oli all too slow in condemning, mutta suosittelemaan, että AI could create new forms of enslavement is a very strong way of trying to impart that message about the potential peril.
I think that this is probably, for myself, one of the key aspects of this document is the potential for new forms of slavery in the digital era. This is something that the Catholic Church was talking about even before COVID-19. And then I think they saw a boom in the online exploitation industry, where it became much easier for exploitation online, cyberbullying,
Esimerkiksi online-sexual exploitation of children is something that tragically became a more common phenomenon during that time. And so this is something the church has been concerned about. And I think Leo sees the advent of AI in all of this and sort of the limitless use.
potential that it has and the way that some want to just carry this technology forward without limits as opening all kinds of concerning doors, you know, and the ease with which people can access content and also the anonymity of it all. You know, it's so much easier to create, you know, anonymous profiles and there's no tracking for how these
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Chapter 4: What are the implications of AI on power and society according to Pope Leo?
Things are paid for, you know, this content is obtained and paid for. So it opens all kinds of questions, you know, and condemning, you know, and he apologised very strong and very potent moment. He apologised for the church's past support of slavery and its slow condemnation of it. And he said, if we want to avoid having to make a similar apology in the future, we need to get ahead of the curve now. And I think that is one of the most important elements of this document. Elise Anne Allen talking to Tim Franks.
Despite the war in nearby Iran, Muslims from around the world are travelling to Saudi Arabia for the Hajj pilgrimage. Officials say that more than one and a half million people will be heading to Mecca more than last year. So will the pilgrims be safe, I asked our Arab Affairs analyst Sebastian Usher.
The Saudi defence ministry has essentially said that they can protect the skies above Mecca and elsewhere where the rituals are going to take place. They posted a video of an air defence battery just on the outskirts of Mecca. I mean Saudi Arabia was one of the targets for Iran during the height of the war of course with the ceasefire. There have been no attacks recently but it could of course erupt again at any moment.
So yeah, there's two different types of heat. There's the customary summer heat. I'm just looking now at my phone. It's around 42 degrees there at the moment. The Saudis for years now have introduced all sorts of ways to try to mitigate that with water trucks, mist of water, umbrellas, all sorts of things. But people will die of heat stroke there. But again, for some of those who come to the pilgrimage, some of those who are older, that isn't something that they particularly mind. You know, this is the summit of their lives.
Ja matkustaminen, jos olet saapunut sitä elämästä, ei ole oikeastaan suurin osa tapahtumista. Ja tietenkin on poliittinen lämpö, jossa on koko puheenvuoro, että se voisi kestää, että voidaan lopettaa loppuun. Mutta se onnistuminen on todennäköisesti kuulunut niin, että maat, joista nämä henkilöt ovat tulleet, eivät ole niin paljon henkilöitä heidän kanssaan. Tämä on melko suuri numero. Jos muistat, kun COVID-luvun aikana,
It was down to just a few thousand, so there's been a resurgence in the past two or three years and it's continuing. Very important religious event for those pilgrims, but it's also important for Saudi's economy. It's been trying to diversify, but run into a bit of trouble recently.
Se on ollut, määrittelemättömästi. Siellä on jotain nimeltä Vision 2030, jossa kruunaprins for de facto ruler Mohammed bin Salman set this up about 10 years ago with hugely ambitious ideas. One of them was about bringing tourism to Saudi Arabia, which really hadn't had tourism beyond religious tourism ever, and the expats who go and work there. So there have been many, many events, all sorts of things to try and bring tourism.
Arab Affairs analyst Sebastian Usher. In many countries, convenience stores tend to just sell basic snacks and essentials. But in Japan, they're part of the vital social infrastructure, offering all manner of goods and services. The man regarded as the father of the Japanese convenience store industry, Toshifumi Suzuki, has died at the age of 93. He opened the first 7-Eleven in Japan in 1974 –
and turned it into the country's largest chain, as I heard from our global affairs reporter, Paul Moss. 7-11 sort of sounds to many people like the classic American company, and it does have its origins in the US. But in fact, it's now majority owned by a Japanese company, and that is largely down to Toshisumi Suzuki. He got the first franchise to open 7-11 in Japan in the 1970s. It was very successful.
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Chapter 5: How is the safety of Hajj pilgrims being ensured amidst regional tensions?
Yksi asia, joka mielestäni on todella kiva, on se, että suurin piirtein pyörät voivat muuttaa keinoja. Heillä on näitä asioita, joita kutsutaan kromatofoosiksi. Nämä sydämen pyörät eivät tarvitse sitä, koska he elävät taaksepäin, joten he ovat näkökulmasta, mutta heillä on todella pigmentejä sisäpuolueita, ja tutkijat ajattelevat, että heillä on näitä puolueita, joilla voidaan pysähtyä bioluminesseisiin kustatioihin.
Dr. Thomas Clements.
The 98-year-old British man riding on the wing of a biplane.
Vähemmän ruutua, enemmän elämää. Suomalaisesta kirjakaupasta löydät aina jotain inspiroivaa, kehittävää ja viihdyttävää. Vaihtoehtoja ruutuajalle. Millainen kesäremppaaja olet? Selvitä se osoitteessa tikkurila.fi ja voit voittaa tuhat euroa rempparahaa. Samasta paikasta löydät kaikki kestävät Tikkurilan ulkomaalit, kuten Kivitex Brickhouse Paint tiilitalomaalin. Päivitä sillä tiilitalosi tähän päivään.
Arvoisat oppilaat, lukuvuosi on nyt taputeltu ja haluan erityisesti odotella sinua, joka nostit arvosanojasi juuri tarvittavan määrän. Tai pääsit sittenkin matikasta läpi. Tai ehkä et, mutta tärkeintä on, että yritit. Onnea kaikille ja ihanaa kesää. Heille, jotka ansaitsevat kultaa. Kulta Katriina. Eläköön suomalainen kahvikulttuuri.
Suomalaisen terveydenhuollon johtaja Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus sanoo, että 220 ihmistä on nyt ajattelut, että on syntynyt ebola-arvoa kongolaisen demokraattisen republikaan. Kaksi uutta asiaa oli sanottu ympärillä Ugandaa. Hän sanoi, että vahvistus ja tutkimus infektioita tarkoittaa, että vastaajat ovat nyt soittamassa. Kampalaan keskustelussa kongolaiset, Uganda ja Suomalainen Sudan adoptoivat yhden suunnitelman, jossa voidaan vahvistaa virusin.
The head of the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dr. Jean Kaseya, dismissed criticism they had taken too long to coordinate a response. We landed with a joint plan of 319 million dollars to stop this outbreak. And more importantly, we also agreed on a continental mechanism to coordinate this response led by Africa CDC and WHO supported by all other partners.
Many who will be listening to you will be wondering how come there wasn't a plan in place already, because your organization was created in response to that large outbreak of Ebola in West Africa. The world must even congratulate Africa CDC, because on the 15th of May, Africa CDC declared this outbreak when we got evidence that more than one country was infected. Second, we
We immediately started to interact with authorities who declared this outbreak the same day and started to work on the plan. And in about three days all countries had a plan. In about four days I organized a meeting with all partners and all countries. Now we have the plan ready. We did it quickly as much as possible we could do.
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Chapter 6: What impact did Toshifumi Suzuki have on Japan's convenience store culture?
who have received this therapy. The exciting thing is that, first of all, it's safe. It really does work. The science behind it is truly science fiction-like. The excitement really in the field is that this will change the paradigm by which we treat a chronic problem like cholesterol. Because at the moment, if someone is at high risk of heart disease or has very high cholesterol, we have to give them a pill or a treatment regularly to keep those levels down. When they stop those treatments, the levels go up and their heart risk goes up.
Mutta ideana tässä on, että voit tehdä yhden tutkimuksen elokuvaan ja toivottavasti loppujen aikana ettei tarvitse huomioida suurta kolesteriä, joka vaikuttaa syrjintään. Joten teoreettisesti niitä kysymyksiä voidaan kysyä, onko tablettia muuttunut. Luulen, että tämä on tulevaisuus ja jossain vaiheessa katsomme takaisin ja sanomme, että tarvitsimmeko oikein kuljettaa kolesteriä?
What about the issue of high cholesterol in those who don't necessarily have what might be considered to be a bad diet, but just have inherited the predisposition for high cholesterol? Is this potentially a therapy that could help them as well?
Kyllä. Tällä hetkellä tutkimuksessa tutkitaan ihmisiä, joilla on hyvin suurta kohdallisuutta ja joilla on tarpeeksi kohdallisuutta pitkällä aikavälillä. Tämä tarkoittaa ihmisiä, joilla on genetisesti suurta kohdallisuutta ja joilla on tarpeeksi tulevaisuuden kohdallisuudesta. Tällä hetkellä tutkimuksessa on muutamia näitä henkilöitä. Tämä tarkoittaa tietysti niitä ihmisiä, joilla on genetinen ongelma. Mutta tärkeintä on myös ihmisiä, joilla on esim. alkuperäinen kohdallisuus elämässä ja joilla on tarpeeksi 30-40 vuotta kohdallisuutta pitkällä aikavälillä, jotta he voivat pysyä toisen tai kolmannen koh
For them this will again be potentially transformative. It opens up the scope for using gene editing not just for a rare condition as we've heard in previous gene editing studies, but now for the first time for a very common problem with potentially many, many thousands of heart attacks that could be saved. Riaz Patel of University College London.
The next station is Shepherd's Bush. Olen toivottu viikonloppuun, mutta olen Vest-London yläpuolella, joka on melkein rauhassa. Mutta nuori brittis-iranian londonainen, Samah Ansari-Poor, pitäisi odottaa täällä jossain, jotta voisi mennä maailmalle. Olen kulttuurikontekriittinen. Se tarkoittaa, että pidän päivän kulttuurikontekriittisessä maassa Londossa.
Olen turisti, menen supermarkkinoihin, teen tansseja, klubit, kulttuurikäytäntöjä, restaurantteja. Mitä tahansa teet ulkomaalaisessa maassa, minä teen täällä. Valitsin tämän paikan, koska on kolme onkletta. Oli todella iso algeriallinen yhteisö, todella iso ethiopiallinen erityinen yhteisö ja todella iso syriallinen yhteisö. Sama, mikä on ensimmäinen loppu meidän reissuun? Minä menen sinne Syrialle.
Nyt menemme syrjään. Se on ympäri syrjää. Mennään sisään. Paljon uusia asioita ympäri. Paljon ilmaisuutta myös. Paljon mezeiä. Siellä on viinakkoja, musaka, modame, jalko, tzatziki. Jos mennään täältä. Tämä on syrjän tuotanto. Tämä on syrjän tuotanto. Tämä on syrjän tuotanto. Se on syrjän tuotanto. Tämä on syrjän tuotanto. Tämä on syrjän tuotanto.
Mielestäni todella kiva näkökulma siitä on, että voi mennä museoihin tai galleisiin ilmaiseksi, mutta voi myös mennä kulttuuripalveluihin. Somalian palveluissa on ympäri kautta. Mielestäni, koska en voi mennä takaisin Iraniin, voin mennä palestiinalaisille paikoille, joissa arkkitehtuuri on ympäristöni. Se on todella tyytyväistä. Mielestäni suurin osa maailmaa on täällä.
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