Charles Hoskinson is the founder of Cardano, co-founder of Ethereum, a mathematician, and a farmer. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Gala Games: https://gala.games/lex - Allform: https://allform.com/lex to get 20% off - Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit - ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free - Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get special savings EPISODE LINKS: Charles's Twitter: https://twitter.com/IOHK_Charles Charles's YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/charleshoskinson Cardano Website: https://cardano.org/ IOHK Website: https://iohk.io/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) - Introduction (09:12) - What programming language is the simulation written in? (14:17) - Favorite philosophers (23:18) - Theory vs engineering in cryptocurrency (34:27) - What programming languages should everyone learn (42:42) - Haskell and beyond (46:26) - Plutus: Cardano's smart contract platform based on Haskell (50:53) - What is a blockchain? (55:05) - Hybrid smart contracts (1:00:55) - Proof of work vs proof of stake (1:09:42) - Cardano's proof of stake consensus algorithm (1:20:14) - What is Cardano? (1:28:55) - Cardano vs Ethereum vs Bitcoin (1:38:50) - The problem with Bitcoin (1:48:24) - Bitcoin Conference (1:52:05) - Ergo and Alex Chepurnoy (1:59:15) - Cardano's Extended UTXO Model (2:06:27) - Chainlink and Oracle Networks (2:13:40) - Cardano and Wolfram Alpha (2:18:35) - The future of video games (2:27:10) - Smart contracts timeline for Cardano (2:34:40) - Decentralized exchanges (2:40:21) - Jack Dorsey and Bitcoin (2:46:33) - Elon Musk and Tesla: Cardano, Ethereum, Bitcoin (2:49:50) - Dogecoin and Elon Musk (3:01:11) - Hydra vs Lightning Network (3:08:45) - Non-Interactive Proofs of Proof-of-Work (NIPoPoWs) (3:12:39) - Cardano failure modes (3:21:00) - Cardano vs Polkadot (3:26:05) - Vitalik Buterin (3:34:16) - Corrupting nature of power (3:44:26) - Satoshi Nakamoto (3:50:37) - Cardano's vision for decentralized governance (4:03:31) - Cardano in Ethiopia (4:07:33) - El Salvador and Bitcoin (4:13:50) - Cryptocurrency will inject capitalism with long-term incentives (4:23:42) - Day in the life of Charles Hoskinson (4:30:59) - Mushrooms (4:37:07) - Joe Rogan (4:42:00) - Video games (4:54:14) - Advice for young people (4:57:23) - Meaning of life

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“What did the council decide on item 42?” — answered with the speaker and the moment.