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Chapter 1: What does the US-Iran deal entail?
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Hello. In the first half of this episode of Newscast, we will do a deep dive into the text of the US and Iran deal, which has seized world attention after it emerged on Wednesday night and has been signed multiple times in multiple different formats since then, it seems. But make sure you listen to the second half of Newscast because we're going to combine a few things.
a VIP politician from abroad, the UK social media ban for under 16-year-olds, which was announced this week, and yes, supporter reporter, our feature where we find a newscast in all 48 of the countries represented in the World Cup. Intrigued? Well, you will be if you listen to this episode of Newscast. Newscast.
newscast newscast from the bbc humanity's next great voyage begins we are in the midst of a rupture nostalgia will not bring back the old order six seven
Yeah.
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Chapter 2: How has the US media reacted to the Iran deal?
It's supposed to be me as a doctor. Daddy has also a special connotation. Ooh la la.
Thinking about it like a panther helped.
Do we play music now or what do we do?
Hello, it's Adam in the Newscast studio. More on social media and how to tackle it shortly. But first of all, we're going to look at Donald Trump's deal with Iran. So bits of the deal have been leaking out throughout the week. Then on Wednesday night, in quite strange circumstances, journalists were briefed on the full text.
And then on Wednesday night, we got the spectacle of Donald Trump leaving the G7 summit in Evian when it concluded to fly to the Palace of Versailles for a posh banquet with Emmanuel Macron with a little side order of deal being signed to go with it. So what's actually in the deal and what are people saying about it? We've got two people who can do a very good job of telling us both those things.
Joining us now, Chief International Correspondent Lise Doucette. Lise, where in the world are you?
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Chapter 3: What are the implications of the deal for oil prices?
Well, I'm in a place I don't normally visit, and I'm in Switzerland. I'm in Lucerne, in the central part of Switzerland, about a 20-minute drive from the fancy resort, Borgenstock, where we understand that another formal signing of the Iran-U.S. deal is going to be signed, and they will actually on the spot then begin those negotiations, that 60 days of negotiations. So it's quite a
It's an historic moment for all of the questions marks above this historic moment.
And also joining us is Chief North America Correspondent Gary O'Donoghue. Hi, Gary.
Hi, Adam. I'm in steamy Washington, as you know.
Yes, where there's just as much action happening as well, but maybe fewer mountains. Right. Lots to get through in terms of what this Iran deal is. Lise, first of all, just talk us through the pictures we got from the Palace of Versailles on Wednesday night, just as you and I were sitting down to be on the Newsnight sofa together.
Yes, well, there you had it. The G7 nations, President Trump holding court, to use the Versailles, and he did the signing of the deal.
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Chapter 4: How does the ceasefire affect the Strait of Hormuz?
He himself, the deal had been signed digitally before, and then it was signed by President Trump. And now we've had After in these indirect talks for weeks now, we've had the exchange of messages. Now we've had the exchange of photographs. So President Trump signed it in Versailles. President Massoud Pesachian signed in Tehran.
One of the key mediators, the Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Shehbaz Sharif, He signed and they put up pictures of his signing this morning. And Qatar, we expect, will also be here tomorrow for this next step of the process. There was a lot of congratulations to President Trump by President Macron and others saying, well done.
And for all of the criticism of this deal that Gary knows so well, the president seems very proud of himself.
And we can talk about some of the implications of it in a second. But just in terms of how this deal has been rolled out, Gary, is it true that you were on this big conference call on Wednesday night or Wednesday afternoon where you are, where the US officials were reading it out word for word to you down the phone?
Yeah, I can't tell you who it was. It was a very senior administration official.
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Chapter 5: What are the criticisms surrounding the $300 billion reconstruction fund?
And they... They literally read it out. They read it out and they gave a little commentary on each paragraph. I mean, the spin, as you might call it. And it took an hour or so. And then there were lots and lots of questions.
And there were lots of attempts to clarify various points on it, particularly the issue around this $300 billion Reconstruction Fund, which is already coming for some criticism from some Republicans here, and also some clarification around the nuclear issue. Because if you remember, the US said it was going to take that nuclear material out of the country.
The deal does not say that, even according to the Americans. So there's lots to get into in the detail here. And what we're seeing now is a battle royal for public opinion, a real battle to see who wins the spin game over what this deal means in the coming days. Well, let's dig into the deal then.
We won't do all 14 points, but I thought we could recreate that conference call Gary was on on Wednesday night by going through some of it in detail and then get both of you to comment on it.
So the first point is the United States of America and the Islamic Republic of Iran and their allies in the current war, by signing this Memorandum of Understanding, declare the immediate and permanent termination of military operations on all fronts, including in Lebanon.
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Chapter 6: How does the social media ban work in Australia?
So, Lise, that's basically the 60-day ceasefire to open some space to... negotiate some other details.
But there's the word permanent in there. This is what Iran has called for from the beginning. And everyone said, well, how can you actually achieve that? The end of the war? They've made it clear they don't want to lurch from one ceasefire to the next. Bear in mind, there was another war, a 12-day war in 2025. They said as part of this deal, it has to be the end of the war.
So this seems to signal that this is what it's all about, not just for 60 days, but the end of the war. I don't know what they said in Gary's conversation, but critically as well, Lebanon. Already today, we're hearing of Israeli strikes. We're hearing also of casualties. And this is going to be one of the many weak pillars of this new process, if you like.
Adam, it's also worth saying that that mention of Lebanon is the only mention of Lebanon in the whole document.
Chapter 7: What challenges are faced in enforcing the social media ban?
There's nothing else about what happens with Lebanon. That one mention.
And of course, Hezbollah and the Israeli government, who are responsible for the hostilities in southern Lebanon, are not parties to this agreement, Gary.
No, they're not. Nor is Israel. And that is the thing that could derail the whole thing in the medium and longer term. Israel, of course, the prime minister is facing elections. He's facing a hammering at home over this deal. People saying it was good you started it, but you didn't finish it.
And then the president here expressing his frustration with Benjamin Netanyahu, telling him he doesn't have to knock down apartment blocks to kill one person, even suggesting, extraordinarily suggesting this idea that the Syrians could go and sort out Lebanon. I mean, which is, you know, obviously unthinkable, I mean, in all sorts of ways.
So, yeah, so that is the big unknown about the future in terms of the stability of this whole deal.
And then, Lise, points four and five are about the lifting of the US blockade of Iranian vessels in the Strait of Hormuz, and then Iran reopening the Strait of Hormuz to everybody. How do we think that is actually going to work?
In this beginning, it's starting to work very well.
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Chapter 8: What are the future implications of these regulations on social media?
The vessels are already going through. Some Iranian oil tankers are said to have moved through the straits. It will take time, we understand, for the mines to be cleared. That could be a matter of weeks, maybe even months. Those tankers, those other vessels have been idling there. for many, many months. And so it may take a bit of time. They have to be reassured that this is going to last.
But we've already seen the oil prices have come down. In fact, they're now, I think I read just before I joined you that they're the lowest. They've gone back to the level before the war. And also the market has now gone up, the activity in the market, which has led President Trump to issue one of his Truth Social posts.
And if I remember correctly, he said anyone who criticizes this deal, after he noted how the markets have responded, he said are stupid, ignorant or just jealous. But crucially, the deal also says that the Strait of Hormuz will remain toll free for 60 days. And then there is to be a regional dialogue to decide how to run the Strait of Hormuz, this strategic waterway.
And this is where Iran is going to insist. We were already hearing from senior Iranian officials today. President Trump says there will be no tolls, but there will be something, according to Iran. They're planning to charge some kind of fees for services. They've already had discussions throughout the war and the ceasefire with Oman, which controls the southern coast of the strategic strait.
Of course, there'll be other countries in the region, like the United Arab Emirates, which don't want Iran to have any any foothold at all in the straits, seeing it as a dangerous precedent for straits the world over. But this is just the beginning for Iran. And I think Gary would say that that is another weakness as far as the critics of the deal are concerned.
Yeah, it's interesting the spin here on that is that, look, you know, when this discussion takes place after 60 days, none of those other countries in the Gulf are going to allow Iran to charge. That's their spin here. Now, That still leaves open the distinct possibility that there could be a position we get to after this war where there are these charges.
And that would be completely different to what we had before the war. Part of me wonders, of course, because the US isn't all that dependent on the oil that goes through those straits at all. Part of me wonders... whether there's a sort of competitive advantage for the US. I mean, maybe that's too Machiavellian, but maybe there's some sort of advantage in that ending up being the case. Who knows?
In other words, make China's oil imports more expensive because America doesn't get them by that route. It would, wouldn't it? It would, wouldn't it? So who knows what the thinking is behind that? But certainly the spin is, of course, it won't happen because other countries in the region won't let it happen. One other quick thing on the mines. That is a key point. There's a load of mines there.
One very senior national security official told me recently that they have a pretty good idea where they all are. And the other thing they're saying is that the sort of risk, the appetite for risk varies significantly between different countries. shipping operators. So some, you know, are prepared to go through this southern channel there, Oman, and take a chance.
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