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Pod Save America

What Does it Mean to Be an American?

31 May 2026

Transcription

Transcript generated automatically by AI and may contain errors.

Chapter 1: What is the main topic discussed in this episode?

0.031 - 16.369 Jon Favreau

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49.092 - 92.698 Jon Favreau

Right now, our listeners will get 50% off a new system when you sign up for professional monitoring and your first month is free. Just visit simplisafe.com slash crooked. That's half off at simplisafe.com slash crooked. There's no safe like SimpliSafe. Welcome to Pod Save America. I'm Jon Favreau. On today's show, my good friend and fellow speechwriter for Barack Obama, Ben Rhodes.

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93.84 - 114.145 Jon Favreau

America's 250th birthday has been on my mind a lot lately, especially since Donald Trump seems intent on making the country's semi-quincentennial all about himself, his parties, his name on everything, his guests, and his version of the American story. But of course, there's another version of our story that resonates with at least half of us, likely more.

115.006 - 136.973 Jon Favreau

At the very least, Americans have been engaged in an argument about what this country is and who belongs since we declared independence two and a half centuries ago. Ben has written an incredible, timely book about that argument. Truly, it's fantastic. I read the whole thing in about a day. You all know what a big reader I am these days, so that's saying something.

136.993 - 155.218 Jon Favreau

The book is called All We Say, A History of the United States in 15 Speeches. In it, Ben traces the history of America through some of the nation's most consequential speeches, from a long-forgotten speech from a Native American chief in Lincoln's second inaugural to I Have a Dream and speeches from Barack Obama and even Donald Trump.

155.579 - 165.53 Jon Favreau

It's a beautiful book about the ways in which, in the words of our old boss, This union may never be perfect, but generation after generation shows it can always be perfected.

166.391 - 188.595 Jon Favreau

Ben and I were psyched to have this conversation, both because we get to nerd out as former speech writers and dig into what the two of us talk about when we're not in front of a mic, how those of us who don't love being governed by Donald Trump can win the argument about what this country is and where it needs to go, about how we close the gap between America's best ideals and our current fairly bleak reality.

Chapter 2: What is the significance of speeches in shaping American identity?

453.606 - 472.973 Ben Rhodes

You know, um, reconstruction was followed by segregation, you know, uh, civil rights movement was followed by backlash. So for all those reasons, I really did internally, like you have to trick your, you know, as a writer and you are a writer, um, you know, you, you, you have to kind of tell yourself a story. And

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472.953 - 488.559 Ben Rhodes

it kind of completes both my various Obama identities and kind of is me coming to terms with how our chapter ended. And yeah, now I can move on. We'll see what happens next.

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489.119 - 509.389 Jon Favreau

So I read the book. I started it Sunday night and we got back from Lovett's wedding. And then I read most of it yesterday and last night. We're recording this on Tuesday. You're listening to it probably on Sunday. First of all, I absolutely fucking loved the book. It is incredible. Everyone should read it. I also, it did give me this sense of,

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509.842 - 532.967 Jon Favreau

hope and also peace, like you say, you came to terms with it, sort of peace about like the last 10 years and where it fits. Because you read when you, it's the speeches you selected were specifically selected because they each tell a story about American identity and this argument over what America is that we've been having since the founding.

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533.007 - 558.412 Jon Favreau

And when you lay it all out like that, along with the different characters, you really do get this sense that, We have been here before and people in these moments have been able to, you know, speak and march and fight their way out of these moments. And I don't think it's it's not Pollyannish at all, but it's sort of like a hard earned hope that you get from reading it.

558.492 - 581.806 Jon Favreau

But I thought I thought it's outstanding. Yeah. You opened the book with, of all people, J.D. Vance and his speech last summer at Claremont about American identity, which listeners to this show and especially offline know that I can't stop talking about. Austin is nodding his head very knowingly right now. I think you and I had a few conversations about this, about the J.D.

581.846 - 593.101 Jon Favreau

Vance speech when you were thinking about opening the book with it. What made you finally decide that Vance's speech was the way into a book about American 250 years of American identity.

593.602 - 617.153 Ben Rhodes

So a prologue for a book is a fascinating thing because you kind of have to telegraph your argument. You know, the book starts in real time with Benjamin Franklin, which we can get to, but I don't want to drop people in there. You know, I wanted to give people a sense of kind of what the argument of the book is. And I always had in mind

617.133 - 643.41 Ben Rhodes

when I was literally selecting these speeches, which was an interesting process, and as I was writing chapter after chapter, that if you really distill it down, there are two stories of what American identity is. With, obviously, their permutations, they're not all exactly the same, but I think you can simplify and say there is one story

Chapter 3: How do Ben Rhodes and Jon Favreau reflect on their experiences as speechwriters?

1186.044 - 1203.289 Ben Rhodes

I want a better life. I want to be a part of something different. I want to be a part of this project. I want to sign up for this creed. And yeah, you have to go through the process. Again, not the JD Van Singh way to let everybody in. But that idea of striving self-improvement type people

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1203.269 - 1213.228 Ben Rhodes

is kind of ingrained in American identity and is something to defend at a time when with ICE, we're seeking to kind of push that out.

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1220.583 - 1233.623 Jon Favreau

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Chapter 4: What historical speeches are discussed and why are they important?

2062.379 - 2074.821 Ben Rhodes

Now, of course, after they got their ass kicked in the war, he repackaged it as states' rights and lost cause and all the rest of it and was rehabilitated. And it works. And reelected to Congress. And it worked, you know, so yeah.

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2074.981 - 2097.082 Jon Favreau

I know that was the other thing I thought about from that speech is, and reading, you close the book with Trump's second inaugural. And I had forgotten he did this probably because I was like half blacked out when Trump was giving it because I couldn't believe we were going through it again. But Trump was like, and today's Martin Luther King Day. And I have a dream too.

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2097.402 - 2133.235 Jon Favreau

And like this ability and tendency for reactionary politicians and reactionary forces to, to use rhetoric to repackage really unpleasant, unpopular ideas into ideas that are more broadly popular and acceptable to the rest of the country. And that sort of use American symbolism and American culture and the founding documents and principles to kind of repackage and hide their really odious ideas.

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2133.475 - 2141.505 Jon Favreau

And that has been, you know, that you can draw a through line right from Alexander Stevens right through to Donald Trump. And somehow that works.

2141.965 - 2162.751 Ben Rhodes

Yeah, it was interesting that Frederick Douglass and Martin Luther King are both in this book. And both of them have been completely kind of appropriated by conservatives in this country. Frederick Douglass did talk a lot in language that we might, and by the way, Barack Obama did too. Frederick Douglass did talk a lot about

2163.676 - 2186.302 Ben Rhodes

taking responsibility and the need for black people to kind of self empower. Now, he also talked a lot about the need to have a government that allows them to do that, that they cannot do that if they are kept down in systems of segregation or systems where they can't own property or they can't get an education. That part is left out.

2187.724 - 2204.165 Ben Rhodes

King did talk about the fact that we want to live in a nation where you're not judged by the color of your skin, by the content of your character. But in order to get to that kind of nation, you need a government that keeps its promissory note, as he said in the I Have a Dream speech, that we're going to treat Black people equally.

2204.185 - 2222.771 Ben Rhodes

We're going to allow them to be in a nation where they're judged by the content of their character. Obama got criticized sometimes for practicing, quote unquote, responsibility politics, too, when he talked about the need for the Black community to value education. But it was always coupled with having a government that provided opportunity equally to people.

Chapter 5: How does the conversation address the role of immigration in American identity?

4628.087 - 4641.027 Ben Rhodes

They're not going to care about the person next to them. And so I think that that we have to not have the separation of the democracy message and the kind of economic message because they're connected.

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4641.107 - 4659.848 Ben Rhodes

Because if some guy says, I was saved by God to save this country and the laws don't apply to me, well, he's probably gonna build a ballroom and steal a bunch of money and set up a slush fund for his friends and leverage American foreign policy to make billions in crypto and launch crazy wars and people are making money off of insider trading while you pay higher gas prices.

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4660.469 - 4680.745 Ben Rhodes

So I think the people that can tell a story that draws those connections, between the radicalism of Trump and the outcomes in people's lives. I think that's probably, you know, I don't claim to have the exact formulation, but that's the space. And you see Ossoff circling it. You see Warnock circling it. Chris Murphy circling it. AOC is definitely circling it.

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4682.168 - 4687.217 Ben Rhodes

I think the notably younger Democrats, by the way, are figuring this out.

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4687.197 - 4692.635 Jon Favreau

Yeah. Ben, I could talk to you for another couple hours about all this book. I have all these other questions.

4692.776 - 4697.25 Ben Rhodes

We don't have to make a big exchange. Just curious, like you read them, what was your favorite speech?

4698.454 - 4712.531 Jon Favreau

Oh, wow. I mean... It sounds, it's like an answer that so many people have given in the past, but I think like you, I came to appreciate Lincoln's second inaugural.

4712.691 - 4713.592 Ben Rhodes

Totally agree.

4713.652 - 4736.933 Jon Favreau

In like a way that I just had never, like I remember when people said that, I would always be like, yeah, it's a pretty good speech, but I didn't really get why everyone loved it so much. And your chapter on it and the story behind it has brought me around to how both radical and hopeful, and with so much humility, he delivers that speech at that time. So, yeah.

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