Thousands will gather in Arizona for a public memorial honoring conservative activist Charlie Kirk, with Donald Trump expected to deliver a speech. Israel intensifies its assault on Gaza City, killing at least 60, as ten countries prepare to recognize a Palestinian state ahead of the U.N. General Assembly. Saudi Arabia and Pakistan sign a mutual defense pact, raising questions about nuclear guarantees and shifting alliances away from the United States. Russia hosted the Intervision Song Contest with performers from over 20 countries and Munich’s Oktoberfest kicks off. Read today's recommended read here. Sign up for the Reuters Econ World newsletter ⁠here⁠. Listen to the Reuters Econ World podcast ⁠here⁠. Visit the Thomson Reuters Privacy Statement for information on our privacy and data protection practices. You may also visit megaphone.fm/adchoices to opt out of targeted advertising. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

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“What did the council decide on item 42?” — answered with the speaker and the moment.