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Chapter 1: What is the significance of eating two kezeisim of matzah during the Seder?
I saw on the 10 minute halacha that someone wanted to know about two kizesim of matzah. What's the inion of having two kizesim of matzah in the night of Seder? After all, the mitzvah is achila, achilas matzah, and achila is always defined in halacha as a kizai. So where does it come from to have two kizesim of matzah?
Chapter 2: Where does the concept of two kezeisim originate from?
So what's interesting is it does not come from the Gemara. The Gemara never says anywhere. that one should eat two kazesim of matzah on the night of the seder, yet the Shulchan Aruch mentions it in Tafayin Hey Seif Aleph, because this is quoted by Rishonim, the Russian, tells us that Rishonim quotes this idea of two kazesim. So what's the reason for it? Shulchan Aruch writes,
You have a kazayis from a complete matzah and a kazayis from the prusa, from the broken matzah. And if you're not able to eat for two gazesim together, you should eat the hamotsi one first and then the achillus matzah one, meaning the full matzah, the whole matzah first. And then from the broken piece. So Mishapur explains why two kazesim.
Mishapur in Sivkan Tes writes, From the broken matzah, of course you have to have a kazayis, because that's the al-akhilas matzah. You need a prusa, because that's lechem oni. A broken piece is lechem oni. That's your mitzvah v'akhilas matzah. So you have to have a kazayis from that. Why do you have a kazayis from the whole matzah?
Chapter 3: What does the Shulchan Aruch say about the two kezeisim?
That's for your regular lechem ishna, for your regular sudas yantiv, you made a bracha, v'amotzi lechem in haaretz, so for the bracha, v'amotzi lechem in haaretz, you have from the regular piece. That's assuming that the normal shiur for the bracha v'amotzi, for sudas yantiv, is a kazayis, right?
That's the shiit of the Rosh, and the Mordechai apparently, it's in Simireish Sadialet in the Mishra Barua, He says that for a Shudas Shabbos Yontav it could be that you need a kibbeitza, not just a kizayis. But at least with this, with this chumrah, of having two kizayis, we're not going to be in Machmir. They have to have a kizayis plus a kibbeitza. Okay, good enough, they have Shnei kizayis.
And the Rosh HaMorach I explained, because if you were to have it all in one, it was just one big kizayis, then it would be a violation of Eidos and Mitzvot Chavilos Chavilos, that have both Mitzvot, both the Mitzvot of Shudas Yontav and the Mitzvot of
on the same chazayis so we separate them from the prusa you have your achilas matzah from the shleima you have your suddha shabziyantiv and we're making that the shleima only needs for suddha shabziyantiv you only need a chazayis gives another reason to have two chazayis he says you should need a chazayis from the prusa samotzi so kol bracha is each bracha is its own chazayis
Again, it seems to be really the same reason. But each bracha requires its own kezai. Piral Lacha just wonders in Simitav Ainei, Devor Maschel, Kezai is Mikal Lacha. He says, this is highly unusual. The whole sugya, the Gemara, keeps talking about eating kezayis matzah, asha mishachal kezayis matzah, below ha-seba, is he yodzeh, is he not yodzeh?
Nothing about shnei zesim, doesn't say anywhere in the Gemara. They need shnei kezayis matzah. How could it be that there's a halacha, they have to eat shnei zesim, and it doesn't say it anywhere in the Gemara, anything about shnei zesim. So if Schechter in Sefer Eretz Hatzvi in Simen Dalin, Os Yud, points out that probably you could answer the Bir Halacha as follows.
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Chapter 4: Why is it necessary to have a kazayis from both whole and broken matzah?
The Shitas HaRambam, in the 7th paragraph of Al-Khazayin, is that there's a mitzvah, an independent mitzvah of Kheiros. That every generation, a person has to be Laharos HaZatzmo, as if he's leaving Sheba and Mitzrayim, so when he has a meal, on the night of the Seder, he has to eat and drink Kishu Masev, Derech Kheiros. Everyone has to drink Dalat Kosha, Shaliyayin, etc.,
And that's why the Ramah Paskin's in Tafayin Beisiv, Zayin, L'chadchila, you should lean for the entire meal. So the Prisca Rav points out that Tosus and the Rosh disagree with the Rambam. They hold that there is no mitzvah of cheiros. It's that dalet kosos, the gerder of dalet kosos, is dalet brachos ala kos. Haseba is the way to do the mitzvah of matzah.
The way to do the mitzvah of dalet kosos. But it's not its own fulfillment of a mitzvah of cheiros. It is a how-to within the mitzvah of salaylov. So it turns out, according to the Rosh, the only time you have to do a Seba is when you're eating the Keziahs of Achilas Matzah. Because that's the unique mitzvah salayla for the Lala Seder.
But not for the whole meal, like the Rambam says, an independent mitzvah of Kheiros. Ah, so it makes sense, says Rav Shechter, that the sugya that's going to talk about the mitzvah of a Seba, according to the Rosh, is only going to talk about one Keziahs. Because according to the Rush, the only Kezias that needs to actually be Beheseba is the Kezias that you're doing for Achilles Matzah.
The Kezias that you're doing for your Seudah, that's independent. You don't need a Seba for that. Haseba is only an ofen kiyu mitzvah salayla. It's the way to do the mitzvah salayla. So it's not a kasha at all what the Bir Alecha says. Why doesn't the Gemara mention about two kezesim? Gemara is only talking about Haseba. It's not going to talk about shenei kezesim.
That's what Rav Shachter writes in Osir. It's good to see also Osir Aleph over there what he says in explaining the Shitas HaRambam. But we'll leave that aside for now. Now why is it Now, first of all, this is not why, this is not accepted by everybody, that you need to have Shnei Kezesim.
The Mishabur writes in Ziv Kot Niralv, certainly B'di Yeved, if you eat only one Kezais, you're certainly Yotzei. In Orchos Rabbeinu Chalek Beis, page Samach Tes, they quote from the Stipler that it's a Chumra G'dola to require Shnei Kezesim, and he says that the Chazanish, his brother-in-law, the Chazanish, Zecher Tzadik V'Kadosh Levracha, Ochal Rak Kezai Zecher. Now,
it was a chas nish kazayis, but it was a kazayis echad. So maybe what would be by us, shnei kazayisim, but he ate only one kazayis, he thought that it was a chumra gedola. Now there's an additional chumra, not just to eat shnei kazayisim, but to eat shnei kazayisim biyachad. To swallow shnei kazayisim, have them both in your mouth at the same time, to eat them both together.
What would be the svarah for that? So Misha Brewer writes in Tzivkat N'Chas, that if you eat first, if you were to eat the kazayis of Hamotzi first, then it would be as if you're being mafsik between the bracha of al-akhilas matzah and the achilas ha-prusa, which is what the al-akhilas matzah is going on.
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Chapter 5: What are the different opinions regarding the requirement of two kezeisim?
So the difficulty, l'chora, is though that the Gemara says in Pesach Hamdav, Kuvtes Vava Meralef, by a kazayis rishon of matzah and moror, not to eat them together, matzah and moror together, because the moror derabonon is going to be mevatel the matzah da'areisa.
So he said, why don't we say the same thing over here, Lechorah, that if you're having both kazayis, and only the lechem mishnah is derabonon, and the prusa is da'areisa, so shouldn't we be concerned that the time matzah, The Rabbanon is going to be Mevatel, the Matzah, the Reisah.
So you have to suggest, in the Sefer Sukkot, he suggests on page 6, that you wouldn't say Matzah, the Rabbanon is going to be Mevatel, the Matzah, the Reisah, because you can be Yotze, the Mitzvah of Achilles Matzah with either one, strictly speaking. With the Prusa or with the Shlema. Strictly speaking, you're Yotze, the Mitzvah of Achilles Matzah.
You would only say that something is Mevatel, something else. when you couldn't be Yotzei the mitzvah with both of them. But if you could be Yotzei the mitzvah with either one, then you wouldn't say such a thing.
Another suggestion as to why they should be eaten together, in Sharatzion Ozvav he writes, that if you were to eat the Hamotzi first, meaning the Shleima first, you'd already be Yotzei the Chiyuv of Matzah. Meaning it's not that it would be a hefsik between your bracha and being Yotzei the Chiyuv. No, you'd be Yotzei the Chiyuv with the Shleima,
And that's a less than ideal way to be Yotzei D'Chiyu. Because you're supposed to eat Lechem Oni. Lechem Oni is Madak or Shalani. But Prusa should be eaten from the broken piece. And to eat the Prusa first is also not correct. Because the Shlema is on top of the Prusa. So in Mavir and Alemitzus, you shouldn't bypass the Shlema in order to eat the Prusa.
And maybe that's where the practice comes from. To eat them both simultaneously. Shulchan Aruch writes in Tavai and Esef Aleph, that you eat them b'aseba b'yachad, k'zayis m'kalechad.
In Kitza Shulchan Aruch, Kuf Yotah Sefei, he explains, you're b'otzea min ha'alyona, you cut off a piece from the top one, and also from the prusa, k'zayis from each one, and you give a k'zayis from each one to everyone sitting around the table. So k'zayis of the top one and k'zayis of the bottom one to everyone sitting around the table. Now the obvious problem with that is, most often,
it's going to be hard to find, especially in the Prusa, a kezias within one broken piece of matzah for everyone around the table. How big is this matzah, even if you have a small shir of a kezias? Rosh HaKadosh Baruch Hu pointed out that, you know, this was the Melech, he said his father-in-law used to eat part of Shemesh Kab Seder.
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Chapter 6: How does the practice of eating two kezeisim differ among individuals?
a hamotsi and a kazayis from the mitzvah of matzah kazayis from lechem mishnah and kazayis from the mitzvah of matzah l'chaura according to both of those reasons that's only nogea to the matzos on the ka'ara that's where you have a suffix what the achilis matzah is going on the shlema el yonu or the prusa em tzoyis but when everyone else is not eating from the matzahs on the ka'ara they're just getting extra the al achilis matzah is going on whatever it is that they're eating
And that's why Rosh Hashanah says that this whole inyon of having Shnei Kezesim is only for the person leading the seder, for the person who actually has the three matzahs in front of him. But for everybody else who doesn't have to do matzo in front of them, they're just eating from the box of matzos, it's good enough to have only a single kazayis.
You don't even have to observe this chumraf shnei kazayisim. It happens to be in Kitzush l'chraruch, he says that the Yad V'mesubin also eats shnei kazayisim. But pashas is l'chorol, like Rav Shlomo Zalman, and that's what they quote from Rav Eliashiv in the Haggadah of Rav Eliashiv.
That's what they quote from the stipler in Orchis Rebbeinu, who wasn't into the whole chumrah of Shnei Gezeisim so much in the first place, that certainly even if you're going to be makhmi with the Shnei Gezeisim like Shulchan Aruch recommends, and like the Rishonim recommend, it should only be for the person who's eating from the three matzahs, but it's not necessary for everybody else.
Tarvitsetko luotettavan vaihtoehdon autosi huoltoon ja korjaukseen? Mekonoomen on ratkaisu. Mekonoomen on Suomen nopeimmin kasvava ja Pohjoismaiden johtava autonhuolto- ja varaosaketju. 80 paikkakunnalla Suomessa. Olemme tƤƤllƤ, jotta autoelƤmƤsi olisi helpompaa. LƶydƤ lƤhin liikkeesi osoitteessa mekonoomen.fi.
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