676. The First World War: Churchill’s Calamity (Part 6)
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Why did the British continue to send troops to Gallipoli despite the bloodbath?
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How did Churchill respond to his mistakes during the Gallipoli campaign?
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What were the immediate consequences of the Gallipoli campaign for the Allies?
But my dear lad, it was a very great disappointment to me that you were not sent to either France or England as you expected. But I read later on that a fleet had been sent to the Dardanelles, and I made sure that it was the Australians, and I was right. well my son the australians have done gloriously they have made england ring with their bravery mr asquith said in the house of commons that the australians had fought like heroes and that they had surpassed themselves in the annals of british warfare with their bravery Jack, my son, my heart is fairly bursting with sorrow and with pride to think that you are amongst such a lot of brave men. Now, my dearest son, hoping and trusting that the Lord in his great mercy will guard and protect you in these terrible times and that he will hear my prayers for you from your ever-loving and affectionate mother.
So that was Sarah Fitzpatrick, a widow who lived in South Shields in Tyne and Wear in Northern England. Despite that, she was, as you could tell from my expert accent and artwork there, Scottish. And she was writing to her son Jack in May 1915. And this letter that she wrote to Jack was found on Jack's body after he was killed by machine gunfire at Anzac Cove on the 19th of May 1915. And he was one of perhaps 150,000 men who died on the killing fields of Glipoli. But he may well be the most famous. And Dominic, why, for those who are not Australian, why is he so famous? So the answer is that even though he was born to Scottish parents and he grew up in the northeast of England, Jack Fitzpatrick, as he was born, became one of the most celebrated Australians of the century.
When he was 17, he ran away and joined the Merchant Navy. And then he deserted when he got to New South Wales and he became a coal miner and a gold digger and a ship stoker and all these kinds of odd jobs.
How did the Anzac identity emerge from the Gallipoli campaign?
And then when war broke out in 1914, he enlisted in the third field ambulance of the Australian Imperial Force, but under his mother's maiden name.
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Chapters
8 chapters
1
Why did the British continue to send troops to Gallipoli despite the bloodbath?
0:01–1:24
2
How did Churchill respond to his mistakes during the Gallipoli campaign?
1:24–2:42
3
What were the immediate consequences of the Gallipoli campaign for the Allies?
2:42–4:58
4
How did the Anzac identity emerge from the Gallipoli campaign?
4:58–6:19
5
What role did Mustafa Kemal play in the Gallipoli campaign?
6:19–7:26
6
How did the campaign impact British and Anzac soldiers' morale?
7:26–8:09
7
What were the long-term effects of the Gallipoli campaign on Australian national identity?
8:09–9:00
8
How did the Gallipoli campaign shape Churchill's political future?
9:00–1:16:20
Speakers
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