Dante the pilgrim and Virgil walk on to find Antaeus, the unbound giant who can set them down on the floor of hell--otherwise known as the center of the earth.Join me, Mark Scarbrough, as we watch Virgil flail around, cite Lucan's PHARSALIA repeatedly, not get his way, and finally resort of a promise of Dante's own success to get what he needs.This passage is a wild ride of literary references. Here are the segments of this episode of WALKING WITH DANTE:[01:47] My English translation of this passage: INFERNO, Canto XXXI, lines 112 - 129. If you'd like to read along or drop a comment, go to my website, markscarbrough. com.[03:41] Are these giants Titans?[06:57] More accurate measurements (at least in a medieval context)--and some thoughts as to why precision becomes more important in lower hell.[11:09] Virgil flatters Antaeus first with three passages from Lucan's PHARSALIA. First up, Scipio's defeat of Hannibal in north Africa.[15:44] Virgil's third bit of flattery from the PHARSALIA: the Titans' war against the Olympian gods.[19:03] Virgil's SECOND bit of flattery: an embellished passage from the PHARSALIA.[20:10] Virgil cannot have read Lucan's PHARSALIA![21:52] Our first glimpse of the ninth circle of hell.[23:15] Unpacking the quick references to Tityus and Typhon.[25:33] Virgil's failed flattery turns to Dante's poetic hopes.[27:42] Virgil is at a disadvantage here, unlike when he spoke to Ulysses.[31:34] Rereading the passage: INFERNO, Canto XXXI, lines 112 - 129.

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“What did the council decide on item 42?” — answered with the speaker and the moment.