Pennod 30 - ‘Gwledd hyd y gogledd o gig’: Y Cywyddau Brud

Ar wahân i bennod arbennig a recordiwyd yn yr Eisteddfod Genedlaethol ac a gaiff ei darlledu nesaf, hon yw pennod olaf cyfres gyntaf Yr Hen Iaith. Rydym ni’n gorffen trafod llenyddiaeth yr Oesoedd Canol a daw llawer o themâu’r gyfres ynghyd wrth i ni ystyried cywyddau brud yn gysylltiedig â ‘Rhyfel y Rhos’. Ystyr ‘brud’ yw proffwydodliaeth, a chawn gyfle i egluro bod gan yr hen Gymry ddull arbennig o weld cysylltiadau rhwng hanes, presennol a dyfodol y genedl Gymreig. Rhyfel rhwng teulu Lancaster a theulu York am goron Loegr ydoedd, a ddaeth i ben yn 1485 gyda buddugoliaeth y Cymro Harri Tudur a aeth yn Harri VII. Ond, er eu bod yn cefnogi ymgeiswyr go iawn am y goron, roedd y beirdd proffwydol hyn yn aml yn darlunio’r rhyfel mewn dull hynafol a dwfn fel ymrafael rhwng y Cymry a’u hen elynion y Saeson. Craffwn yn benodol o waith Dafydd Llwyd o Fathafarn, gan ystyried nifer o gywyddau sy’n dangos y modd y defnyddiodd draddodiadau hynafol i drafod gwleidyddiaeth gyfoes gan oedi dipyn ynghylch cerdd isaol o waedlyd, ei ymddiddan â’r Gigfran. Dyma gyfle i archwilio cysyniadau mawr, gan gynnwys ‘proto-genedlaetholdeb cyn-fodern’ a pharhâd traddodiad * ‘A Feast of Flesh all the way to the North’: Prophetic Poetry from the War(s) of the Roses Not counting a special episode recorded in the National Eisteddfod which will be broadcast next, this is the last episode in the first series of Yr Hen Iaith. We finish discussing literature from the Middle Ages and many themes from the series come together as we consider prophetic poems in the cywyddau form connected with the ‘Wars of the Roses’. The word for prophecy used in this context is brud, and we explain that Welsh in previous times had a special way of seeing connections between the history, the present and the future of the Welsh nation. They were wars between the families of York and Lancaster for the crown of England, and the struggles ended in 1485 with the victory that made Harri Tudur yn Henry VII. But, while they supported real contestants in the struggle, these prophetic poets often depicted the wards in a deeply archaic way as a conflict between the Welsh and their old enemies, the English. We look at some poetry by Dafydd Llwyd of Mathafarn, considering a number of cywyddau which show how he used ancient traditions to treat contemporary politics, lingering for a while over a wondrously bloody poem, his dialogue with the Raven. Here's an opportunity to examine some big concepts, including ‘pre-modern proto-nationalism’ and the continuation of tradition. Cyflwynwyd gan: Yr Athro Jerry Hunter a'r Athro Richard Wyn Jones Cynhyrchwyd gan: Richard Martin Cerddoriaeth: Might Have Done gan The Molenes Dilynwch ni ar Trydar: http://www.twitter.com/YrHenIaith neu YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/@yrheniaith Tanysgrifwch yn eich hoff ap podlediadau neu ar YouTube i derbyn y pennod nesaf ar cyhoeddiad. Darllen pellach / further reading: - W. Leslie Richards (gol.), Gwaith Dafydd Llwyd o Fathafarn (1964). - Gruffydd Aled Williams, ‘The Bardic Road to Bosworth: A Welsh View of Henry Tudor’, Trafodion Anrhydeddus Gymdeithas y Cymmrodorion (1986). - Jerry Hunter, Soffestri’r Saeson: Hanesyddiaeth a Hunaniaeth yn Oes y Tuduriaid (2000). - Aled Llion Jones, Darogan: Prophecy, Lament and Absent Heroes in Medieval Welsh Literature (2013).

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