1. Israel launched air strikes against Iran in its long-anticipated retaliation for an Iranian missile attack on October 1st. An Israeli army spokesman said the targets were military and that all planes had “returned home safely”. The White House said it had been informed in advance of Israel’s plans, but that America was not involved in the attack. It said that energy and nuclear facilities had not been not among the sites hit. Iran confirmed “limited damage” at some military bases, including in Tehran, the capital. Iranian state media quoted an official as saying that Israel would “face a **proportional **reaction”. 以色列在長期預期的報復行動中對伊朗發動了空襲，以回應伊朗於10月1日的導彈攻擊。以色列軍方發言人表示，目標均為軍事設施，且所有飛機均「安全返回基地」。白宮表示，已提前收到以色列的計劃通知，但美國未參與此次攻擊，並指出能源和核設施並不在被襲擊的範圍內。伊朗方面確認部分軍事基地受到了「有限損害」，其中包括首都德黑蘭的設施。伊朗國營媒體引述一名官員的話稱，以色列將「面臨對等的反應」。 2. Earlier, Israel killed at least 38 people and injured several more when it struck Khan Younis, Gaza’s second-largest city, according to Palestinian officials. Israel also reportedly raided Kamal Adwan, one of Gaza’s few remaining hospitals. Meanwhile Israeli air strikes hit a border crossing between Lebanon and Syria; Israel’s armed forces claimed that Hizbullah was using the site to bring weapons into Lebanon. 根據巴勒斯坦官員的說法，早些時候以色列對加薩地區的第二大城市汗尤尼斯發動襲擊，造成至少38人死亡，多人受傷。此外，以色列據報突襲了加薩僅存不多的醫院之一——卡邁勒·阿德萬醫院。與此同時，以色列空軍也對黎巴嫩與敘利亞之間的邊境口岸進行了空襲；以色列武裝部隊聲稱該地點被真主黨用於向黎巴嫩運送武器。 3. Chinese hackers attempted to access the phones of Donald Trump, J.D. Vance and possibly those of Kamala Harris’s campaign staff, the New York Times reported. It is not clear what, if any, data has been compromised. The FBI did not name the hackers’ targets but said that America’s government was investigating “unauthorised access to commercial telecommunications infrastructure” by actors linked to China’s government. 紐約時報》報導稱，中國駭客試圖入侵唐納·川普、J.D.凡斯以及可能是卡馬拉·賀錦麗競選團隊成員的手機。目前尚不清楚是否有任何數據被洩露。聯邦調查局（FBI）並未透露駭客攻擊的具體目標，但表示美國政府正在調查與中國政府有關的行動者對商業電信基礎設施的「未經授權訪問」。 4. Turkey’s interior minister said that 176 people linked to the Kurdistan Workers’ Party, or PKK, had been arrested. The detentions follow a terrorist attack on an aerospace company that killed five people and injured scores near Ankara, the capital. The Kurdish militia claimed responsibility. This week Turkey carried out retaliatory airstrikes on targets linked to the PKK in Syria and Iraq. 土耳其內政部長表示，176名與庫德工人黨（PKK）有關的人士已被逮捕。此次拘捕行動發生在首都安卡拉附近的一家航空公司遭受恐怖襲擊後，該事件造成五人死亡，多人受傷。庫德民兵組織聲稱對此負責。本週，土耳其對敘利亞和伊拉克境內與庫德工人黨相關的目標進行了報復性空襲。 5. Consumer sentiment in America reached its highest level since April. The University of Michigan’s closely watched index rose to 70.5 in October, from 70.1 in September. The Federal Reserve’s decision to cut interest rates by half a percentage point in late September partly explains the growing optimism. Strong employment figures also eased concerns that the job market was weakening. 美國的消費者信心達到自四月以來的最高水平。密西根大學備受關注的指數在十月上升至70.5，高於九月的70.1。美聯儲於九月底將利率下調半個百分點，部分解釋了信心增長的原因。此外，強勁的就業數據也緩解了人們對勞動市場可能疲軟的擔憂。 6. BHP and Vale, two mining giants, agreed to pay 170bn reais ($29.9bn) in reparations to Brazil for their role in one of the country’s worst environmental disasters. In 2015 a dam jointly owned by the companies collapsed, killing 19 people and unleashing toxic waste into a nearby river. This week London’s High Court began hearing a separate lawsuit filed on behalf of 620,000 alleged victims. 兩大礦業巨頭必和必拓（BHP）和淡水河谷（Vale）同意支付1700億雷亞爾（約合299億美元）賠償金給巴西，以彌補它們在該國最嚴重的環境災害之一中的責任。2015年，兩家公司共同擁有的一座大壩倒塌，導致19人死亡，並將有毒廢料洩入附近河流。本週，倫敦高等法院開始審理一宗代表62萬名受害者提起的獨立訴訟。 7. For the first time in decades the Washington Post said it would not **endorse *either presidential candidate in America’s election next month—nor in any future presidential elections. “We are returning to our roots,” wrote William Lewis, its publisher. Marty Baron, a former executive editor, called the decision “cowardice”. This week the Los Angeles Times* also decided against endorsing a presidential candidate. 《華盛頓郵報》數十年來首次表示，不會支持下月美國總統選舉中的任何一位候選人——今後的總統選舉也將不再表態。該報的出版人威廉·路易斯寫道：「我們正在回歸根本。」前執行總編輯馬蒂·巴倫則稱此決定為「懦弱之舉」。本週，《洛杉磯時報》也決定不支持任何總統候選人。 -- Hosting provided by SoundOn

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