从上世纪90年代,传统健美在国内兴起到今天的马拉松热,除蛋白质补充的偏执外,运动人群经常以“克制”或者“严谨”的态度控制着自身的热量摄入,避免高热量的油炸食品、戒绝肥宅快乐水等等成为健身者的icon。另一方面是,随着社会发展,人类行为的变化而“胖”起来的一代人,在不正确的信息和资讯的引导下,一部分人相信少吃甚至断食才是减肥的最好方式。各方面因素的共同作用下,出现了今天运动健康领域关注的能量摄取不足(Low Energy Availability, LEA)、运动能量相对不足综合征(Relative Energy Deficiency、REDs)和女运动员三联征”(Female Athlete Triad,FAT)等等的概念。女运动员三联征:在女性运动人群中观察到涉及下列三个征象中任何一个的医学问题:伴有或不伴有饮食失调的低可用能量摄入、月经紊乱、低骨密度。本期重点聊一下女运动员三联征的危害和改善方法。02:52 什么是女运动员三联征06:44 女运动员三联征中三个危险要素在女性人群中的发生率12:25 为什么会出现女运动员三联征16:56 如何计算每日摄入能量是否缺乏可用能量=(饮食总能量摄入-日常活动能量消耗)/去脂体重(kg)23:09 骨密度降低的短期和远期危害30:37 每日可用能量摄入不足,尤其是碳水摄入不足对运动表现的影响36:43 能量摄入不足还会增加受伤和疾病风险43:33 已经出现能量摄入不足问题时,要如何进行改善52:29 一些项目的运动文化带来的问题部分参考文献[1] Direct and indirect impact of low energy availability on sports performance. DOI:10.1111/sms.14327.[2] 2023 International Olympic Committee’s (IOC) consensus statement on Relative Energy Deficiency inSport (REDs). DOI:10.1136/bjsports-2023-106994.[3] Symptoms of eating disorders and low energy availability in recreational active female runners. DOI:10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001623.[4] Misunderstanding the female athlete triad: refuting the IOC consensus statement on RelativeEnergy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S). DOI:10.1136/bjsports-2014-093958.[5] 女运动员三联征的研究进展及应对策略. 中国体育科技, 2019, 55(9):140-152.
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