U.S. troops are leaving Iraq. What does that mean for U.S. influence in the region?

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Why is the U.S. finally withdrawing its troops after two decades in Iraq?

Debbie Elliott 0:00
It's Consider This, where every day we go deep on one big news story. An historic milestone in Iraq this week. U.S. forces are withdrawing after a two-decade-long military presence.
George W. Bush 0:14
My fellow citizens, at this hour, American and coalition forces are in the early stages of military operations to disarm Iraq, to free its people, and to defend the world from grave danger.
Debbie Elliott 0:27
That was President George W. Bush announcing the U.S. invasion of Iraq in March of 2003. Later that year, the U.S. toppled dictator Saddam Hussein, but the security situation worsened. Over the course of the war, there were thousands of U.S. troop casualties and hundreds of thousands of Iraqi deaths. Now, the most recent phase of U.S. military engagement in Iraq, Operation Inherent Resolve, will end in low-key fashion with the departure of only a few hundred soldiers. It marks, though, the conclusion of a chapter that has shaped many Americans' view of the Middle East and that popularized the term forever war, the kind of conflict that President Trump has vowed to avoid.
Unknown 1:16
I know there's a bit of Iraq fatigue amongst the American public or policymakers in D.C., but that doesn't take away from the fact that the United States has spent a lot of years, a lot of money, and a lot of lives in Iraq. And so the success of Iraq is still important to many, and it ties the two countries together.
Debbie Elliott 1:37
Hamza Haddad is an Iraqi political analyst with the Center for a New American Security, who used to be based in Baghdad. He says just because U.S. troops are leaving Iraq doesn't mean the U.S. is relinquishing military power in the region. The U.S. will maintain a large diplomatic presence, and it has military capacity in other parts of the Gulf and the Middle East. Yet Iraq is still central to the U.S.-Israel war with Iran and is caught in the crossfire.
Unknown 2:08
Iraq is the only country in the region in the last year that's been bombed by both the United States and Iran. It kind of gives you an idea that the proxy battleground that Iraq presents.
Debbie Elliott 2:19
Consider this. America's final troop withdrawal from Iraq ends more than 20 years of military engagement. Where does that leave U.S. influence in the region?

How did the 2003 invasion and the rise of ISIS shape today’s Iraqi security landscape?

Debbie Elliott 2:30
And does it present opportunities for other nations to fill the vacuum? From NPR, I'm Debbie Elliott.
Jen White 2:43
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Jane Araf 3:47
podcasts.
Debbie Elliott 3:55
It's Consider This from NPR. Iraq is very different today than the country the U.S. invaded in 2003, and today's America is very different from that time, too. NPR's Jane Araf has reported from Iraq since the 1990s. She joined me from Amman, Jordan, to talk about the significance of the end of U.S. military operations in Iraq. I began by asking her what exactly to expect this week.
Jane Araf 4:24
Well, by Wednesday, the U.S. will have pulled out all the forces that have been operating under the anti-ISIS coalition that it formed in 2014. That's when the militant group ISIS took over roughly a third of Iraqi territory. And it's also when Iraqi army divisions that were hollowed out by corruption and sectarianism just collapsed.

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