Adam Frank

Well, you know, it's interesting with the technosphere, we can talk about this more, but like, you know, we're just emerging as a technosphere in terms of as a interplanetary technosphere, right?

That's really the next step for us is to, David Grinspoon talks about, I love this idea of anti-accretion, like this amazing thing that for the first time, you know, over the entire history of the planet, stuff is coming off the planet. It used to be everything just fell down, all the meteorites fell down, but now we're starting to push stuff out.

That's really the next step for us is to, David Grinspoon talks about, I love this idea of anti-accretion, like this amazing thing that for the first time, you know, over the entire history of the planet, stuff is coming off the planet. It used to be everything just fell down, all the meteorites fell down, but now we're starting to push stuff out.

That's really the next step for us is to, David Grinspoon talks about, I love this idea of anti-accretion, like this amazing thing that for the first time, you know, over the entire history of the planet, stuff is coming off the planet. It used to be everything just fell down, all the meteorites fell down, but now we're starting to push stuff out.

The idea of planetary defense or such, we are actually going to start exerting perturbations on the solar system as a whole. We're going to start engineering if we make it. I always like to say that if we can get through climate change, the prize at the end is the solar system. So we will be changed, literally engineering the solar system.

The idea of planetary defense or such, we are actually going to start exerting perturbations on the solar system as a whole. We're going to start engineering if we make it. I always like to say that if we can get through climate change, the prize at the end is the solar system. So we will be changed, literally engineering the solar system.

The idea of planetary defense or such, we are actually going to start exerting perturbations on the solar system as a whole. We're going to start engineering if we make it. I always like to say that if we can get through climate change, the prize at the end is the solar system. So we will be changed, literally engineering the solar system.

But what you can think of right now with what's happening with the Anthropocene, the great acceleration that is the technosphere, is the creation of it, that is a giant perturbation on the biosphere, right? And what you can't do is, the technosphere sits on top of the biosphere. And if the technosphere undermines the biosphere for its own conditions of habitability, then you're in trouble, right?

But what you can think of right now with what's happening with the Anthropocene, the great acceleration that is the technosphere, is the creation of it, that is a giant perturbation on the biosphere, right? And what you can't do is, the technosphere sits on top of the biosphere. And if the technosphere undermines the biosphere for its own conditions of habitability, then you're in trouble, right?

But what you can think of right now with what's happening with the Anthropocene, the great acceleration that is the technosphere, is the creation of it, that is a giant perturbation on the biosphere, right? And what you can't do is, the technosphere sits on top of the biosphere. And if the technosphere undermines the biosphere for its own conditions of habitability, then you're in trouble, right?

I mean, the biosphere is not going away. There's nothing we could do. The idea that we have to save the Earth is a little ridiculous. The Earth is not a furry little bunny that we need to protect. But it's the conditions for us, right? Humanity emerged out of the Holocene, the last 10,000 years interglacial period. We can't tolerate very different kinds of Earths.

I mean, the biosphere is not going away. There's nothing we could do. The idea that we have to save the Earth is a little ridiculous. The Earth is not a furry little bunny that we need to protect. But it's the conditions for us, right? Humanity emerged out of the Holocene, the last 10,000 years interglacial period. We can't tolerate very different kinds of Earths.

I mean, the biosphere is not going away. There's nothing we could do. The idea that we have to save the Earth is a little ridiculous. The Earth is not a furry little bunny that we need to protect. But it's the conditions for us, right? Humanity emerged out of the Holocene, the last 10,000 years interglacial period. We can't tolerate very different kinds of Earths.

So that's what I mean about a perturbation.

So that's what I mean about a perturbation.

So that's what I mean about a perturbation.

Right. And so this was the idea. So what Carter said was, you know, using anthropic reasoning, he said there must be a few very hard steps for evolution to get through to make it to intelligence, right? So there's some steps are going to be easy. So every generation, you know, you roll the dice and yeah, it won't take long for you to get that step, but there must be a few of them.

Right. And so this was the idea. So what Carter said was, you know, using anthropic reasoning, he said there must be a few very hard steps for evolution to get through to make it to intelligence, right? So there's some steps are going to be easy. So every generation, you know, you roll the dice and yeah, it won't take long for you to get that step, but there must be a few of them.

Right. And so this was the idea. So what Carter said was, you know, using anthropic reasoning, he said there must be a few very hard steps for evolution to get through to make it to intelligence, right? So there's some steps are going to be easy. So every generation, you know, you roll the dice and yeah, it won't take long for you to get that step, but there must be a few of them.

And he said you could even calculate what, how many there were, five, six, In order to get to intelligence. And so this paper here, this plot, is all these different people who've written all these papers. And this is the point, actually. You can see all these papers that were written on the hard steps. Each one proposing a different set of what those steps should be.