Armin Schmitt
speaker
42 appearances
1 recordings
1 series
first heard Dec 2024
last heard Dec 2024
Armin Schmitt’s voice in public audio — every appearance, attributed to the second.
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Appearances
And so we can say that some dinosaurs were actually smarter than others. And we can say that some dinosaurs had a cerebration coefficient, which means the size of the brain relative to their body mass, that is comparable to modern birds and maybe even small mammals. So they were pretty smart.
I cannot say this for sure, but some dinosaurs were able to vocalize. And we know a very good example, for example, is Parasaurolophus, which is a herbivorous dinosaur with a long crest on its back of its head. And these crests, they were
hollow and they were connected to the nasal region so they could actually create sounds like it like blowing a horn or something like that so they could vocalize and other dinosaurs probably did the same so if you look at jurassic park they sound like lions or wolves or things like that but in reality they probably made noises more closely to ostriches or crows or things like that
That is correct. So the last non-avian dinosaurs, all the dinosaurs that are not birds, died out about 66 million years ago when this very large asteroid struck Earth close to the Yucatan Peninsula. And the first humanoid dinosaurs,
ancestors of humans they showed up in the fossil record maybe 300 000 years ago so there's a a gap of 65 million years in between those two events and so what happened what what what brought the end of dinosaurs Yeah, so 66 million years ago, there was an asteroid that struck Earth. And this asteroid was so massive that it created a huge earthquake. And it actually was so powerful and so large.
It's about the size of Manhattan. and this this big huge rock from space crashed into earth and it actually penetrated the crust so and it was so massive that it created tsunamis with a height of 3 000 feet and they traveled the entire globe and there were wildfires that were incredibly hot like a pizza oven and and they caused the
rocks to melt in the vicinity of the impact and actually rain glass for a couple of hours and maybe even days. And then because of the debris, there was ash in the atmosphere and that caused the atmosphere to go dark. And then a lot of the plants died and then there was a food shortage. And also the temperatures dropped massively because there was no sunshine, no sunlight. And then
in the following month or maybe in the following years all the dinosaurs went extinct because they could not recover and they could not create enough offspring to compensate for this massive loss of life so i would imagine a lot of other species went away as well That is true. Yeah.
So I think what would help the mammals, our ancestors, to survive was that they were much more caring for their offspring. And they put a lot more effort in protecting the offspring. And dinosaurs, because of their massive size and because they all laid eggs, they could not care for their young.
Yeah, so we find fossils from dinosaurs all over the world. We actually found fossils of dinosaurs in Antarctica and in very remote places such as the Gobi Desert or even in the Sahara Desert in Africa. but we can only find dinosaur fossils in sediments and only in sediments from the Mesozoic age, that is like from 252 million years to 66 million years.
We don't find any dinosaurs before that and we don't find any dinosaurs after that except birds.
That depends where you live. So if the backyard that you're describing is of Mesozoic age, so if the sediments in your backyard the age of the sediment is between 66 and 252, or maybe 235 million years old, then there is a chance that you actually might find something.
And especially in North America, we see a lot of regions, especially in the Midwest, they are actually on ground that is as old as the dinosaurs. But the hunt goes on, yes? That is very true. We find fossils today more than ever. Even this year is a very important year for fossils because we have already described 46 new species of dinosaurs only this year.
If I want to look for dinosaur fossils, then I would, in the North American continent, I would probably go to places such as South Dakota or Montana or Wyoming or Colorado or Utah. These are very fossiliferous regions where we find dinosaurs.
So nowadays, you know, there was a couple, an odd couple, if I may say so, of two scientists, American scientists, and they were looking for... dinosaur fossils in the 1870s when the midwest was still the wild west and Over time, they became rivals and they were actually fighting each other and they were trying to out-compete each other and they were trying to find more fossils than their rival.
But nowadays, it's not about finding new fossils and new dinosaurs and creating new records. That is also nice. It's a side effect. But today, we want to understand how did they live? How did they eat? How did they procreate?
um how did they uh survive certain catastrophes and were they able to to breathe actively did they have a metabolic rate that's comparable to to birds today or more like crocodiles because dinosaurs are closely related to both birds and crocodiles so we want to know are they more like crocodiles or are they more like birds and then we find dinosaurs with feathers and then we want to know okay so who is the first
dinosaur to evolve feathers and and which group of dinosaurs evolve these feathers and are these feathers capable of powered flight like we have in in most birds today or were they just uh for display for sexual display to to attract mates so so feathers have a lot of functions and it's not only for flight
so for me um i always want to find a dinosaur fossil that will help us explain a certain aspect of the dinosaur anatomy or the dinosaur biology we want to understand for example why
the birds were able to survive this mass extinction event and all the others died out there was actually a group of of dinosaurs that was very similar to to the birds and we call them the an antonythines and that means In English, that translates to something like the opposite birds. So they were very much like birds. They could fly. They had feathers. They lived in trees. They laid eggs.
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