Camilla Mota
đ€ SpeakerAppearances Over Time
Podcast Appearances
voidaan lisÀtÀ tÀmÀ ajatus siitÀ, voidaanko muuttaa maailmaa. Suurin ongelma siinÀ olisi, voidaanko muuttaa maailmaa. Uusia tutkimuksia Australiassa tarkoittaa, ettÀ spermi saattaa olla melko yksilöitÀsi, joten se on menossa, kun se yrittÀÀ löytÀÀ Àidin, jos se toimii maailmassa. Adelaiden yliopistossa tutkittiin spermiÀ mikrograviittisuudesta ja löysi, ettÀ kuten astronautti, spermi pysyvÀt ympÀri, eivÀtkÀ he jÀtÀ eteenpÀin.
It's hard for them to find the egg. So is this just scientists messing with sperm for fun? Or is this important? It is important. It's about this concept of us trying to move to space. And of course we've got the likes of Elon Musk and Mars and the moon, NASA going again.
Voisimmeko koskaan elÀÀ siellÀ? Se ei ole vain se, ettÀ voimme saada tarpeeksi tuotantoa, vaan myös se, ettÀ voimme muodostaa. Toisaalta, esimerkiksi, pitÀisi aina mennÀ takaisin maailmalle, jotta saadaan enemmÀn ihmisiÀ. Olen miettinyt, miten tÀmÀ tutkimus on tehty. Onko he pyytÀneet astronauttia tekemÀÀn jotain erityistÀ? Onko he laittaneet spermiÀ pienissÀ maatilanteissa?
Ei, he eivÀt. TÀmÀ voisi olla tulevaisuuden tutkimus, Marni. TÀmÀ oli kÀsitelty maailmanlaajuisessa labissa. He kÀyttivÀt spermsamplia ihmisistÀ, maista ja pyykkÀistÀ. He laittivat heidÀt koneeseen, joka ymmÀrtÀÀ mikrograviteettia. Se on kutsuttu klinostatille. Se rotoittaa, jotta saadaan pois gravitaatioiden suuntaamista. Se vaikuttaa sÀÀstöihin, jotka eivÀt oikein saa, millÀ suuntaan he kÀyvÀt. He laittivat heidÀt koneeseen, joka simuloi naisen reproduktiivisen traktin. He tarkastelivat, voivatko he pÀÀstÀ ylös Àidille.
And what did they find? Could the sperm navigate the maze? So the sperm in this simulated microgravity, basically 40% fewer made it through compared to the control group. With human sperm there was no egg there for ethical reasons. For pigs and mice they did put an egg there.
It does paint a pretty worrying picture and it seems that those embryos that were exposed to simulated microgravity had a different number of fetal cells in the embryo. But the researchers said that thankfully while some embryos were negatively impacted, there were others that were healthy. And so there is some hope that we might one day be able to reproduce in space.
and move through the female reproductive track. So I guess it could have some benefits when it comes to fertility research. Researchers haven't really talked about that just yet. But as you say, it might sound relatively sci-fi or literally out of this world, but in February scientists actually called for more research into reproductive health and space. They said that it was urgently needed, that they need an international collaboration to try and close these knowledge gaps, because I guess we don't know what the future holds.
Thank you, Katie. Very topical. Two news stories in one.
Tietysti. Suurin osa elÀimiÀ on myöhemmin menossa elÀmÀÀn. Jos menemme, emme voi saada se kasvaa takaisin. Oikeastaan on hienoja elÀimiÀ, kuten vihreÀt, kivet ja salamennit, jotka voivat regeneraoittaa lintuja. Suurin osa ei voi tehdÀ sitÀ. Kivet ovat asia tÀnÀÀn.
can't grow back arms and legs despite being closely related to salamanders. Just like what happens with us mammals when frogs get injured, the cells that rush to the wound focus on building scar tissue and not regeneration, so it's one or another.
Okay, so bad luck frogs. Be more salamander, right? But how? Right. So scientists from Harvard and Tufts University in the US were able to make African clawed frogs rebuild the leg they amputated by using a wearable bioreactor.
Bioreaktori oli semmoinen kappalainen asia, joka nÀyttÀisi vÀhÀn kuin plastikki. He laittivat silkkia geliÀ, jonka kohdalla oli droog-koktaili, ja siirtivÀt sen kappalikkiin, jolloin lippu oli amputoitu. Bioreaktori kuulostaa melko suurelta. Sitten kuulostat sen, ja se on plastikki, jossa on geliÀ. Kuinka pitkÀÀn heidÀn pitÀisi kÀydÀ bioreaktori?
Se oli juuri 24 tuntia. Se oli olemassa juuri 24 tuntia ja sitten poistettu. Sen jÀlkeen, emmekÀ skaritissuudet ole olleet tekemÀssÀ, kivit alkoivat jatkuvasti regeneraatioon 18 kuukautta. Ja se, mitÀ minÀ mainitsin, on tÀrkeÀ.
It was five different drugs, and each one of them had a different purpose. So one was aimed at reducing inflammation, another inhibited the production of the collagen that it would lead to scarring, another one fostered the growth of new blood vessels, muscles, bones, etc., etc.
Oikeastaan. Ja kuuluiko kala normaalisti, kun se kasvoi takaisin? Melkein. Suurin osa halkoja, jotka olivat olemassa koulutuksessa, kuten uusi kala, oli ruokavessuja, taitoja, musseja ja ruokavirtoja, jotka olivat erilaisia kuin heidÀn toisinsa. Ja vaikka he eivÀt olleet tuotaneet ruokavirtoja, se ei voinut vahvistaa uudistuneen halkan lippuun, joten halkat olivat voineet vahvistaa takaisin, kuten normaali halka voisi.
KyllÀ, se on se idea. Paljon ihmisiÀ kuolee lintuja diabetesin ja muutamien muiden elÀimien vuoksi. Ja kyse on meidÀn DNAn kohdalla. TÀmÀ tieto on siellÀ, mutta elÀimet, jotka eivÀt ole mahdollisia regeneraatioon, eivÀt voi kÀyttÀÀ tietoa kasvamaan lintuja vanhemmiksi.
What scientists wanted to do was access that, you know, to trigger regenerative capabilities so the body would perform complex growth and development of the lost limb without outside interference. And they call this latent embryogenic cascade. So there you have embryos again. And so in the future, maybe those who have lost limbs could be able to regenerate them? I mean, that's unbelievable. I guess it's a long, long way off.
Oh yeah, yes it is. They said that the idea is to start researching it in mammals, but still, yeah, a long way. And I was actually looking for videos of the research, couldn't find it, but the pictures on the paper, you can actually see the leg developing and it's quite, it was a bit sci-fi for me, I have to admit. Wow, that is tantalizing stuff. Wouldn't it be great if I could grow my legs back again, but about four inches taller? That would be great.
We had no textbooks to work out how to study it and do experiments with it. Gosh, having that finding, then did you feel like you were racing against the clock? It sounds like something of a movie with scientists sitting around trying to work into the