David Schmaier

speaker

51 appearances 1 recordings 1 series first heard Jan 2025 last heard Jan 2025

David Schmaier’s voice in public audio — every appearance, attributed to the second.

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3 Takeaways™ · AI: How It’s Being Used Now, What’s Next, and What’s After That (#231) · 7 Jan 2025 podcast

I'd be happy to, Lynn. AI has been around since the dawn of computers. So it was first talked about in the 40s and the 50s. And Alan Turing came up with something called the Turing test, where if someone could carry on a conversation

back then by teletype and you couldn't tell whether it was computer or not that was deemed artificial intelligence as we call it today and the idea was the neurons that we have in our brain could also work there could be computer oriented neurons that could sort of think just like we do as human beings.

And so based on that idea, there was predictive AI, the first type of AI that really became popular. And the second is the big boom that we're in now that really changes everything, in my opinion, which is called generative AI. And the third is agents. And then robots are going to be the next big wave, and that's coming now, too.

And this is all on the road to what many of the AI startups call AGI, which is artificial general intelligence, where the AI can do everything that a human can do, but it can do it faster.

Predictive AI is a mathematical model that looks at the past data and uses that data to literally predict what the future will be. So I buy something on an amazon.com website and it predicts and recommends what are the next things I should buy, product A, B, and C. So that's all based on the mathematical model of predictions from the past to the future.

ChatGPT is based on this new transformer architecture. That's the T in GPT. And that's based on a paper that was authored by a division of Google called the Google Brain Division, where a number of AI scientists figured out that you could take AI and train it on a set of words. That had never been done before or had been contemplated.

And so what they did is they originally trained the original version of ChatGPT, and I think the numbers are 500 million words. And then they went to billions of words. And then they went from there with like each model, each one of these is trained on more and more words and more and more content. So it's literally in the billions now.

And in order to crunch all of those words to train it, it literally costs billions of dollars now. and takes billions of dollars of NVIDIA GPUs, basically NVIDIA chips, on a supercomputer that can now predict the next word or the next sentence or the next paragraph. So yes, it uses AI, but it's trained on an entirely different data source, not data, but content.

That algorithm to predict words can also be used on other kinds of content, like images, like videos, like movies. And so now there's this concept of multimodal AI models where we started out using it to train it on words. Now you can train the AI on images, on videos, on sounds. All of the five senses, if you will, can interact with the AI.

And you have AI that can cross these different modalities so that maybe I talk to the AI and it gives me the answer in text and then it generates a movie out of it. Or I can ask it, tell me what is a horse?

write a poem about a horse and now generate a movie of a horse running through a meadow for me and i can do all the above fundamentally it's generating new answers yeah it's generating new content versus new predictions about the data

Yeah. Predictive AI literally is predicting the data in the future. Generative AI is generating the content that you asked it to generate.

It can create the essay. It can create the document. It can create the doctoral thesis. It can create the movie. It can create the poem. It can create anything. And so now the AI can not only read the data, but it can understand the semantic meaning of what's being said, whether you're texting with it or talking with it or interacting with it across any of these modalities.

So that's the big unlock because now it's working like the human brain where it literally understands and then it can take action just like people do.

So an AI agent has a specific role. Maybe it's a customer service agent, or maybe it's a sales agent, or maybe it's a marketing agent that launches marketing campaigns for your company, or maybe it's an e-commerce agent that helps customers buy the right products on your e-commerce website. This gets to the higher level, sort of next level capabilities of the AI.

So we talked about how the generative AI can create words or sentence or documents. We talked about how it's multimodal. So now it can create images or videos, or it can do any combination thereof. Now, the next level of AI intelligence is what they call reasoning intelligence.

And many of the companies, OpenAI, and we built our own reasoning engine, which we call Atlas, where it can not only create the next word or the next sentence, but it can literally understand the semantic meaning of what's going on. So you and I are having a conversation right now, and billions of neurons in our brain are processing this data.

And then I'm understanding what you're saying, and you're understanding what I'm saying. Well, now the AI can start to do that too, which is really quite remarkable. So based on this generative technology, you can build reasoning engines that allow the AI to do very specific things for you.

And that's where, you know, really there's the aha moment in AI, where AI can do more than autocomplete sentences. It can, in fact, do things that humans can do. Can you give some examples? I'd be happy to. We at Salesforce think that AI agents are truly the next big part of this generative AI revolution. So we talked about predictive. We talked about generative.

We think AI agents are what they call agentic behavior is really the current trend. phase of AI that we think is taking off right now before our eyes. And so I'll give an example. We had Saks Fifth Ave as our keynote customer and our main presentation at Dreamforce. So Dreamforce is our annual technology conference. It's one of the largest technology conferences in the world.

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