Demis Hassabis

protections within our code base.

So it's sort of a double layer of protection.

So I feel pretty good about that.

I mean, you can never be complacent on that, but I feel it's already sort of best in the world in terms of cyber defenses.

But we've got to carry on improving that.

And again, things like the hardened sandboxes could be a way of doing that as well.

And maybe even there are specifically secure data centers or hardware solutions to this too that we're thinking about.

I think that

Maybe in the next three, four, five years, we would also want air gaps and various other things that are known in the security community.

So I think that's key.

And I think all frontier labs should be doing that because otherwise, you know, nation states and other things, rogue nation states and other dangerous actors, that there would be obviously a lot of incentive for them to steal things like the weights.

And then, you know, of course, open source is another interesting question, which is we're huge proponents of open source and open science.

I mean, almost every, you know, we've published thousands of papers and things like AlphaFold and Transformers, of course, and AlphaGo, all of these things we put out there into the world, published and open source, many of them, GraphCast most recently, our weather prediction system.

But when it comes to the core technology, the foundational technology and very general purpose, I think the question I would have for open source proponents is that how does one stop bad actors, individuals or up to rogue states, taking those same open source systems and repurposing them because of their general purpose for harmful ends?

So we have to answer that question.

And I haven't heard a compelling, I mean, I don't know what the answer is to that, but I haven't heard a compelling, clear answer to that from proponents of just sort of open sourcing everything.

So I think there has to be some balance there.

But, you know, obviously it's a complex question of to what that is.

Yeah, I mean, one has to balance that with allowing for collaboration and speed of progress.

Actually, another interesting thing is, of course, you want brilliant independent researchers from academia or things like the UK AI Safety Institute and US one to be able to kind of red team these systems.