Dr. Karl Deisseroth

That's the hopelessness symptom of depression. And that is what I try to do when I do a psychiatric interview. I try to get past the jargon and get to what's actually happening in the patient's life and in their mind. But as you say, ultimately, you know, this shows up across, I address this issue every day in my life, whether it's in the lab where we're looking at animals.

That's the hopelessness symptom of depression. And that is what I try to do when I do a psychiatric interview. I try to get past the jargon and get to what's actually happening in the patient's life and in their mind. But as you say, ultimately, you know, this shows up across, I address this issue every day in my life, whether it's in the lab where we're looking at animals.

whether fish or mice or rats and studying their behavior or when I'm in a conversation with just a friend or a colleague or when I'm talking to a patient. I never really know what's going on inside the mind of the other person. I get some feedback, I get words, I get behaviors, I get actions, but I never really know.

whether fish or mice or rats and studying their behavior or when I'm in a conversation with just a friend or a colleague or when I'm talking to a patient. I never really know what's going on inside the mind of the other person. I get some feedback, I get words, I get behaviors, I get actions, but I never really know.

whether fish or mice or rats and studying their behavior or when I'm in a conversation with just a friend or a colleague or when I'm talking to a patient. I never really know what's going on inside the mind of the other person. I get some feedback, I get words, I get behaviors, I get actions, but I never really know.

And psychiatry, despite the depths of our, the mystery we struggle with, many of our treatments are actually, you know, we may be doing better than some other specialties in terms of actually causing, you know, therapeutic benefit for patients.

And psychiatry, despite the depths of our, the mystery we struggle with, many of our treatments are actually, you know, we may be doing better than some other specialties in terms of actually causing, you know, therapeutic benefit for patients.

And psychiatry, despite the depths of our, the mystery we struggle with, many of our treatments are actually, you know, we may be doing better than some other specialties in terms of actually causing, you know, therapeutic benefit for patients.

We do help patients, you know, patients who suffer from, by the way, both medications and talk therapy have been shown to be extremely effective in many cases. For example, People with panic disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy, just working with words, helping people identify the early signs of when they're starting to move toward a panic attack. What are the cognitions that are happening?

We do help patients, you know, patients who suffer from, by the way, both medications and talk therapy have been shown to be extremely effective in many cases. For example, People with panic disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy, just working with words, helping people identify the early signs of when they're starting to move toward a panic attack. What are the cognitions that are happening?

We do help patients, you know, patients who suffer from, by the way, both medications and talk therapy have been shown to be extremely effective in many cases. For example, People with panic disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy, just working with words, helping people identify the early signs of when they're starting to move toward a panic attack. What are the cognitions that are happening?

You can train people to derail that and you can very potently treat panic disorder that way. There are many psychiatric medications that are very effective for the conditions that they're treating patients. anti-psychotic medications. They have side effects, but boy, do they work. They really can clear up auditory hallucinations, the paranoia.

You can train people to derail that and you can very potently treat panic disorder that way. There are many psychiatric medications that are very effective for the conditions that they're treating patients. anti-psychotic medications. They have side effects, but boy, do they work. They really can clear up auditory hallucinations, the paranoia.

You can train people to derail that and you can very potently treat panic disorder that way. There are many psychiatric medications that are very effective for the conditions that they're treating patients. anti-psychotic medications. They have side effects, but boy, do they work. They really can clear up auditory hallucinations, the paranoia.

And then, you know, this is a frustrating and yet heartening aspect of psychiatry. There are treatments like electroconvulsive therapy, which is where, you know, it's extremely effective for depression. We have patients who nothing else works for them, or they can't tolerate medications. And You can administer under a very safe, controlled condition where the patient's body is not moving.

And then, you know, this is a frustrating and yet heartening aspect of psychiatry. There are treatments like electroconvulsive therapy, which is where, you know, it's extremely effective for depression. We have patients who nothing else works for them, or they can't tolerate medications. And You can administer under a very safe, controlled condition where the patient's body is not moving.

And then, you know, this is a frustrating and yet heartening aspect of psychiatry. There are treatments like electroconvulsive therapy, which is where, you know, it's extremely effective for depression. We have patients who nothing else works for them, or they can't tolerate medications. And You can administer under a very safe, controlled condition where the patient's body is not moving.

They're put into a very safe situation where the body doesn't move or seize. It's just an internal process that's triggered in the brain. This is an extraordinarily effective treatment for treatment-resistant depression. At the same time, I find it as heartening as it is to see patients respond to this who have severe depression. I'm also frustrated by it.

They're put into a very safe situation where the body doesn't move or seize. It's just an internal process that's triggered in the brain. This is an extraordinarily effective treatment for treatment-resistant depression. At the same time, I find it as heartening as it is to see patients respond to this who have severe depression. I'm also frustrated by it.

They're put into a very safe situation where the body doesn't move or seize. It's just an internal process that's triggered in the brain. This is an extraordinarily effective treatment for treatment-resistant depression. At the same time, I find it as heartening as it is to see patients respond to this who have severe depression. I'm also frustrated by it.