Dr. Ori Stollar

Let's start there. It's a good question. I hope, because I'm trying to just pull out the studies from my head. Technically, we don't have tons of studies in animals. Usually, a lot of what we... deal with is kind of like used from the human side of things. But you mentioned Dr. Ilana Reisner, which is also a behavior specialist.

Let's start there. It's a good question. I hope, because I'm trying to just pull out the studies from my head. Technically, we don't have tons of studies in animals. Usually, a lot of what we... deal with is kind of like used from the human side of things. But you mentioned Dr. Ilana Reisner, which is also a behavior specialist.

And as far as I remember, it was her study that actually checked the levels of different in your transmitters or different, let's say, products of neurotransmitters in the blood, not in the brain. In the brain, you know, there's no real way to measure what's going on right now in the brain without basically killing the animal.

And as far as I remember, it was her study that actually checked the levels of different in your transmitters or different, let's say, products of neurotransmitters in the blood, not in the brain. In the brain, you know, there's no real way to measure what's going on right now in the brain without basically killing the animal.

I mean, you can measure electrical activity, but we can't measure proteins to that level yet. It's something that I think... in the future is going to be something that we'll be able to do but right now usually we cannot measure the blood and saying that there might be some but we have to agree that measuring serotonin in blood level uh level serotonin in blood it's

I mean, you can measure electrical activity, but we can't measure proteins to that level yet. It's something that I think... in the future is going to be something that we'll be able to do but right now usually we cannot measure the blood and saying that there might be some but we have to agree that measuring serotonin in blood level uh level serotonin in blood it's

I can't tell if it's good or not good, but sadly, that's basically what we have. We have different things like that, BDNF.

I can't tell if it's good or not good, but sadly, that's basically what we have. We have different things like that, BDNF.

Yeah.

Yeah.

That's kind of like, you know, we go with correlation many times.

That's kind of like, you know, we go with correlation many times.

Not with an actual number, but that's also true for, sorry, for any measurement in the blood, right? Because for one animal...

Not with an actual number, but that's also true for, sorry, for any measurement in the blood, right? Because for one animal...

T4 might be between this and this the thyroid level for an animal other the other one it's going to be Different so we also go with correlations for example here between the blood and the brain and we see okay in dogs or in people that are Anxious or depressed we see that when we measure those certain levels in their blood they're lower then if we compare them to another group that is

T4 might be between this and this the thyroid level for an animal other the other one it's going to be Different so we also go with correlations for example here between the blood and the brain and we see okay in dogs or in people that are Anxious or depressed we see that when we measure those certain levels in their blood they're lower then if we compare them to another group that is

doesn't complain about aggression or about depression or about that. So again, there is correlation, not necessarily, we can't say for sure, but that's how we go. And of course, we also do clinical studies to try and see if using the medication that is supposed to increase serotonin or other neurotransmitters to see if it's actually changing the behavior.

doesn't complain about aggression or about depression or about that. So again, there is correlation, not necessarily, we can't say for sure, but that's how we go. And of course, we also do clinical studies to try and see if using the medication that is supposed to increase serotonin or other neurotransmitters to see if it's actually changing the behavior.

No, not necessarily. Again, it's also the same in human medicine when it comes to behavior issues, right? If we see specific problems that are known to be associated with what we think is the lack of a specific neurotransmitter or an access of another neurotransmitter or brain activity or something like that, then we choose the medications accordingly.

No, not necessarily. Again, it's also the same in human medicine when it comes to behavior issues, right? If we see specific problems that are known to be associated with what we think is the lack of a specific neurotransmitter or an access of another neurotransmitter or brain activity or something like that, then we choose the medications accordingly.