Elizabeth Jo

speaker

2,299 appearances 6 recordings 1 series first heard Jun 2025 last heard 27 Mar

Elizabeth Jo’s voice in public audio — every appearance, attributed to the second.

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Recordings per month over the last 12 months — 4 in all, peaking in Mar 2026 with 1.

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99% Invisible · Constitution Breakdown #4: Janet Napolitano · 28 Nov 2025 podcast

But because the act doesn't define the term, that's become contested too.

So let's go back to 2011 and Libya again.

So Obama did notify Congress in March of 2011 about the military campaign.

And the airstrikes kept going.

And they kept going on after the time allowed by the War Powers Resolution.

And Congress had not authorized it.

Well, in June of 2011, President Obama sent a report to Congress and the gist of it was, well, the military is not engaged in hostilities.

So the War Powers Resolution doesn't apply.

Well, according to the Obama administration, the use of American military force was not sustained fighting or active exchanges of fire with hostile forces, nor do they involve U.S.

ground troops.

So remember, this was part of a NATO coalition to enforce a no-fly zone from the air.

There were no U.S.

troops on the ground, and Obama administration lawyers argued Libyan forces couldn't realistically fire back

So this wasn't a hostility.

Yeah, that's essentially what they're saying.

In early November, the Justice Department told Congress that Trump was going to continue to order lethal strikes on boats that were suspected of bringing illegal drugs into the United States.

And they said, what?

Well, these don't count as hostilities under the War Powers Resolution.

I guess the idea seems to be these aren't hostilities because the people in the boats can't shoot back because they aren't armed possibly would be the reason.

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