James Holland

Yeah.

And FDR replies, I'm afraid they'll have to be.

The world is getting so small that even the people in Java are getting to be our neighbors now.

So he's gone from that good neighbor policy with which he opens his inaugural address in March 1933 to this global position.

There are, and particularly from a point of view of America, because you don't want to be producing all these arms if they're then going to be sunk halfway across the Atlantic.

You don't want to be supporting a losing side.

Because if America is going to bail out Britain in terms of material supplies, he needs to know that they're going to get there.

If you're losing 50%, that's a massive downer.

It's another layer of why the Atlantic battle is so important, why those early successes in the spring of 1941 are so important.

Never ever again.

And so that's a massive win for the British.

And what it means, what it shows America is that

Britain can cope on the sea.

It's doing all right on that point.

Where it's struggling is on land.

And that's where the Americans come in because they can provide lots of tanks and they can provide guns and they can provide lots of aircraft.

And that's where they can really materially help.

So not only are they getting rich, but they're also... Lend-Lease is a game changer because they are providing that key of unlocking the supply chain for Britain in terms of the land campaign.

It's not, nothing's...

Well, and also America says, you're not getting lend-lease until you've run out of cash.