Mariana Mazzucato

At the time, it was kind of shiny brochures.

But he didn't say we don't want to work with the private sector, right?

He said, we won't know how to work with the private sector.

We won't know how to write the terms of reference.

if our own brains are becoming weak.

So investing within in order to work also outside with others.

So it's not working with others, it's working smartly with them.

Right.

I mean, there's so much to say.

So first, the investments that went into what we call today artificial intelligence, including, you know, LLM models, language models, speech recognition dates, you know, decades.

And like so many other areas that was led by government.

So if you look at even DARPA, which, as you know, is the lead investor in the Internet, it came from

problems, mainly in the military industrial complex that then required ultimately what we're calling artificial intelligence today.

But again, in the entrepreneurial state, I talked about how everything in our smartphones that make them smart and not stupid, internet, GPS, touch screen, Siri, and so on, were government financed.

What's very scary today, what makes today different with AI is that that's not really necessarily going to be true much longer.

Why?

Because these massive economic rents, and I call them rents, not profits, so excess profits and excess of what these companies actually did because we privatized all the rewards from this massive social and collectively created value in this area.

They have so much money, right?

Trillions, not billions, trillions.

The salaries they are paying to the top researchers in universities, both public and private universities, and to people who used to work in the NASAs, the DARPAs, the COFAs.