Neil Turok
speaker
2,693 appearances
2 recordings
1 series
first heard Apr 2025
last heard 22 Jun
Neil Turok’s voice in public audio — every appearance, attributed to the second.
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recordings per month · last 12 monthsRecordings per month over the last 12 months — 1 in all, peaking in Jun 2026 with 1.
Appearances
Because we live in this big space and we don't treat the amplitude as a physical quantity either.
It's not in quantum mechanics.
You've got to square it.
We don't do that.
We construct the probability directly.
So you've got some operator A, which describes the full physical process.
It's a projection onto the initial state.
scattering matrix, projection onto the final state.
And what we show is that probabilities are the trace of a dagger a.
And you're just not allowed to think about A. A is not a physical thing, but the trace of A dagger A is, when we trace, that means summing over all states, including the ghosts.
So in our construction, there's no need to do any projection.
You sum over these states, even the ones with negative norm.
You never project anything.
You just directly construct the probability.
And it turns out it's positive, providing you have the symmetry in your theory.
So we've broadened the class of quantum field theories to ones which don't satisfy the usual axioms.
They don't live in a Hilbert space, but they have all the other good properties.
They're causal, they're unitary, they satisfy everything else you could want.
Yes.
It is a sub, it's a particular limit of this quadratic gravity.
Showing 241–260 of 2,693 · page 13 of 135
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