Piotr Nater
speaker
792 appearances
1 recordings
1 series
first heard Aug 2026
last heard 8 Aug
Piotr Nater’s voice in public audio — every appearance, attributed to the second.
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recordings per month · last 12 monthsRecordings per month over the last 12 months — 1 in all, peaking in Aug 2026 with 1.
Appearances
It is true that during the eleven years of his reign fifteen seventy five to fifteen eighty six, he never persecuted them, but he allowed himself to be entirely won over by the Jesuits, who represented themselves to him as they had done to Emperor Ferdinand I as zealous friends of learning, of general culture, and especially of the intellectual and moral elevation of the clergy.
Under his reign the Jesuits penetrated into Poland proper, and soon a close network of their colleges extended over the whole realm.
As everywhere else they neglected the education of the common people, but took extreme pains to draw the sons of the nobility to their establishments and successfully to
These establishments were munificently endowed by Stephen, as was also the university which he founded at Vilna, in the midst of a population, partly of the Protestant, partly of the Russian Greek faith.
They penetrated into Lutheran Livonia also, and founded colleges at Riga and Dorpat, in spite of the opposition of the inhabitants.
At the suggestion of the Jesuits, Stephen allowed the papal nuncio to summon before his tribunal Protestant bishops to condemn them as heretics and to depose them.
Catholic bishops were appointed in their places, and thus the whole ecclesiastical portion of the Senate was assured to the old church, and there were no more Protestant bishops in Poland Lithuania.
Yet neither the disfavour of the king, on the whole a prudent and moderate man, nor the efforts of the Jesuits would have proved fatal to the Protestants if troubles had not arisen in their own midst.
The Lutheran clergy, tired already of the Sandomir Compact, had begun anew their attacks against the Calvinists and the Moravian brethren, declaring outright that these sacramentists were worse than Jesuits, and that to join them was worse than to go back to Catholicism.
These quarrels, proceeding, as nearly always, from the blind arrogance of the Lutherans, had, for one of their results, the return of a large number of noble families, among them a son of Black Ragivu, to the bosom of Romanism.
Many more felt themselves inclined to such a step by the ever increasing radicalism of certain sex.
As early as fifteen forty six, the first Unitarians who denied the Trinity had met in Krakow.
Later the Sianese noblemen, Lelosotini, Sotinus, after whom the whole sect are often called Sotinians, came to the same city and gave them increased stability.
A Polish scholar, Peter Gononsky, Orgones, boldly acknowledged himself an adherent to his doctrine before the Reformed Synod, and founded a regular anti Trinitarian church, which soon had many disciples among both nobility and commoners, possessed numerous churches and schools, and organized a synod of its own.
Its confession, in fifteen seventy four, declared Christ to be the highest and most perfect of prophets, and the Holy Spirit a gift which God had made to this prophet.
Baptism was to be conferred only on adults.
The Lord's supper was explained symbolically as in the Calvinistic Church.
This unitarian community taught and practised, besides, the greatest tolerance and abstention from all sorts of violence.
The progress of unitarian sentiment in Poland and the religious liberty that prevailed there attracted thither the nephew of Lelio, Fausto Sozzini, a man equally learned, lovable, and conscientious, and
For twelve years he had been a favourite of the Grand Duke of Tuscany, but in order to be free to follow his religious convictions, he left his fatherland and after many wanderings settled in Poland, where he remained and worked until his death in sixteen oh seven.
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