Randall Carlson

Sure.

Well, I'm surprised that, yeah, outside of geologists and geomorphologists, and even geologists don't. And see, here's the thing. There have been dozens and dozens of theories, even going back to the 1800s, as to the origin of drumlins, right? Virtually all of them are based upon somehow the glaciers themselves shaped the subglacial till.

Well, I'm surprised that, yeah, outside of geologists and geomorphologists, and even geologists don't. And see, here's the thing. There have been dozens and dozens of theories, even going back to the 1800s, as to the origin of drumlins, right? Virtually all of them are based upon somehow the glaciers themselves shaped the subglacial till.

Well, I'm surprised that, yeah, outside of geologists and geomorphologists, and even geologists don't. And see, here's the thing. There have been dozens and dozens of theories, even going back to the 1800s, as to the origin of drumlins, right? Virtually all of them are based upon somehow the glaciers themselves shaped the subglacial till.

In the 1980s, a geologist by the name of John Shaw, he was a Canadian geologist, proposed that they were actually created by catastrophic subglacial floods. And the problem was, and mainstream never accepted his theory, even though it made the most sense, right? And I've been up in the field, been up there to New York.

In the 1980s, a geologist by the name of John Shaw, he was a Canadian geologist, proposed that they were actually created by catastrophic subglacial floods. And the problem was, and mainstream never accepted his theory, even though it made the most sense, right? And I've been up in the field, been up there to New York.

In the 1980s, a geologist by the name of John Shaw, he was a Canadian geologist, proposed that they were actually created by catastrophic subglacial floods. And the problem was, and mainstream never accepted his theory, even though it made the most sense, right? And I've been up in the field, been up there to New York.

I've been to the Drumlin field and through Wisconsin, been to one, several that are up in British Columbia, like in the Fraser Plateau and the Chaco Plateau. I've been up there with Jerome Lessman, who was a graduate student under John Shaw, We think we've made two trips with him. And once you begin to see it, you realize, okay, you've got the perfect explanation for the drumlins.

I've been to the Drumlin field and through Wisconsin, been to one, several that are up in British Columbia, like in the Fraser Plateau and the Chaco Plateau. I've been up there with Jerome Lessman, who was a graduate student under John Shaw, We think we've made two trips with him. And once you begin to see it, you realize, okay, you've got the perfect explanation for the drumlins.

I've been to the Drumlin field and through Wisconsin, been to one, several that are up in British Columbia, like in the Fraser Plateau and the Chaco Plateau. I've been up there with Jerome Lessman, who was a graduate student under John Shaw, We think we've made two trips with him. And once you begin to see it, you realize, okay, you've got the perfect explanation for the drumlins.

The problem is, is the scale. See, like this right here, the scale of water flow is immense. And the critics, see, his theory has never been accepted. The critics have said, well, the drumlin swarms that you're looking at would require floods on such a scale that we can't explain the origin of those floods. That's basically what has come down.

The problem is, is the scale. See, like this right here, the scale of water flow is immense. And the critics, see, his theory has never been accepted. The critics have said, well, the drumlin swarms that you're looking at would require floods on such a scale that we can't explain the origin of those floods. That's basically what has come down.

The problem is, is the scale. See, like this right here, the scale of water flow is immense. And the critics, see, his theory has never been accepted. The critics have said, well, the drumlin swarms that you're looking at would require floods on such a scale that we can't explain the origin of those floods. That's basically what has come down.

So it's very parallel to when J. Harlan Bretts was proposing in the 1920s that some of these channeled scablands features in Washington had been produced by these gigantic floods. The gist of the opposition said, well, if you can't provide a source for this flood water, then it wasn't catastrophic floods. It was something much more protracted, incremental, over a long period of time.

So it's very parallel to when J. Harlan Bretts was proposing in the 1920s that some of these channeled scablands features in Washington had been produced by these gigantic floods. The gist of the opposition said, well, if you can't provide a source for this flood water, then it wasn't catastrophic floods. It was something much more protracted, incremental, over a long period of time.

So it's very parallel to when J. Harlan Bretts was proposing in the 1920s that some of these channeled scablands features in Washington had been produced by these gigantic floods. The gist of the opposition said, well, if you can't provide a source for this flood water, then it wasn't catastrophic floods. It was something much more protracted, incremental, over a long period of time.

And your discharges that you're talking about, like several hundred million cubic feet per second, that's impossible. And if you can't explain how you could get peak discharges of that scale, get out of here. Same with John Shaw's work coming into the 80s and 90s, right? And just like Brett's, he could speculate, but he couldn't provide any evidence.

And your discharges that you're talking about, like several hundred million cubic feet per second, that's impossible. And if you can't explain how you could get peak discharges of that scale, get out of here. Same with John Shaw's work coming into the 80s and 90s, right? And just like Brett's, he could speculate, but he couldn't provide any evidence.

And your discharges that you're talking about, like several hundred million cubic feet per second, that's impossible. And if you can't explain how you could get peak discharges of that scale, get out of here. Same with John Shaw's work coming into the 80s and 90s, right? And just like Brett's, he could speculate, but he couldn't provide any evidence.

Like, how do you get such massive, like we're talking thousands of cubic miles of water discharging under the... How do you do that? Well, he couldn't come up with an explanation. He said, well, was there a reservoir on top? which would be supraglacial. Was it a reservoir of water at the bottom, subglacial? Was it a reservoir within the glacier mass called endglacial?