Randall Carlson

Like, how do you get such massive, like we're talking thousands of cubic miles of water discharging under the... How do you do that? Well, he couldn't come up with an explanation. He said, well, was there a reservoir on top? which would be supraglacial. Was it a reservoir of water at the bottom, subglacial? Was it a reservoir within the glacier mass called endglacial?

Like, how do you get such massive, like we're talking thousands of cubic miles of water discharging under the... How do you do that? Well, he couldn't come up with an explanation. He said, well, was there a reservoir on top? which would be supraglacial. Was it a reservoir of water at the bottom, subglacial? Was it a reservoir within the glacier mass called endglacial?

But in each case, the critics looked at it and said, well, we can see that, for example, glaciers today, you have spring, you have melting, you have surface melt ponds forming on top of the glaciers. Usually by well before midsummer, They disappear. Why do they disappear?

But in each case, the critics looked at it and said, well, we can see that, for example, glaciers today, you have spring, you have melting, you have surface melt ponds forming on top of the glaciers. Usually by well before midsummer, They disappear. Why do they disappear?

But in each case, the critics looked at it and said, well, we can see that, for example, glaciers today, you have spring, you have melting, you have surface melt ponds forming on top of the glaciers. Usually by well before midsummer, They disappear. Why do they disappear?

Because as the water accumulates on the glacier, and it's a temperate glacier because it's melting, temperate glaciers have a lot of fractures and cracks, what are called moulins, which are large apertures, sometimes can reach to the bottom of the glacier.

Because as the water accumulates on the glacier, and it's a temperate glacier because it's melting, temperate glaciers have a lot of fractures and cracks, what are called moulins, which are large apertures, sometimes can reach to the bottom of the glacier.

Because as the water accumulates on the glacier, and it's a temperate glacier because it's melting, temperate glaciers have a lot of fractures and cracks, what are called moulins, which are large apertures, sometimes can reach to the bottom of the glacier.

So what happens, this meltwater gets to a point where it reaches a certain volume, which is minuscule compared to what we're talking about here. It disappears. And then a week later, two weeks later, it's discharging from the snout. And they know that because they'll put dye tests, they call it dye testing. They put the dye, colored dye, in the water.

So what happens, this meltwater gets to a point where it reaches a certain volume, which is minuscule compared to what we're talking about here. It disappears. And then a week later, two weeks later, it's discharging from the snout. And they know that because they'll put dye tests, they call it dye testing. They put the dye, colored dye, in the water.

So what happens, this meltwater gets to a point where it reaches a certain volume, which is minuscule compared to what we're talking about here. It disappears. And then a week later, two weeks later, it's discharging from the snout. And they know that because they'll put dye tests, they call it dye testing. They put the dye, colored dye, in the water.

It disappears, and then they go to the snout of the glacier, and anywhere from a few days to three weeks later, here comes the colored water discharging, right? So they said, okay, from our modern observation of glaciers, you're not going to have thousands of cubic miles of water forming on top. Likewise on the bottom. Likewise within. So they've rejected Shaw's theory.

It disappears, and then they go to the snout of the glacier, and anywhere from a few days to three weeks later, here comes the colored water discharging, right? So they said, okay, from our modern observation of glaciers, you're not going to have thousands of cubic miles of water forming on top. Likewise on the bottom. Likewise within. So they've rejected Shaw's theory.

It disappears, and then they go to the snout of the glacier, and anywhere from a few days to three weeks later, here comes the colored water discharging, right? So they said, okay, from our modern observation of glaciers, you're not going to have thousands of cubic miles of water forming on top. Likewise on the bottom. Likewise within. So they've rejected Shaw's theory.

They said, no, we're going to go back to somehow it's the glaciers themselves because the volume of meltwater you're talking about is so extreme, there's no way we can explain it. Well, maybe there is a way you can explain it. And that would be, I think, Two candidates, one which I think is the better of the two, which is hypervelocity impacts. Hypervelocity.

They said, no, we're going to go back to somehow it's the glaciers themselves because the volume of meltwater you're talking about is so extreme, there's no way we can explain it. Well, maybe there is a way you can explain it. And that would be, I think, Two candidates, one which I think is the better of the two, which is hypervelocity impacts. Hypervelocity.

They said, no, we're going to go back to somehow it's the glaciers themselves because the volume of meltwater you're talking about is so extreme, there's no way we can explain it. Well, maybe there is a way you can explain it. And that would be, I think, Two candidates, one which I think is the better of the two, which is hypervelocity impacts. Hypervelocity.

And now we know about the number of hypervelocity impacts that we're now discovering in the history of this planet is extraordinary. And there's no reason why you couldn't have a multi-impact event over the ice sheet.

And now we know about the number of hypervelocity impacts that we're now discovering in the history of this planet is extraordinary. And there's no reason why you couldn't have a multi-impact event over the ice sheet.

And now we know about the number of hypervelocity impacts that we're now discovering in the history of this planet is extraordinary. And there's no reason why you couldn't have a multi-impact event over the ice sheet.